Predictors of success of pharmacological management in patients with chronic lower back pain: systematic review

Baroncini, Alice; Maffulli, Nicola; Mian, Michael; Vaishya, Raju; Simeone, Francesco; Migliorini, Filippo

doi:10.1186/s13018-024-04741-9

Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research

Table 1 Generalities and demographic baseline of the included studies

From: Predictors of success of pharmacological management in patients with chronic lower back pain: systematic review

Author, year	Journal	Follow-up (months)	Treatment	Patients (n)	Mean age	Women (%)	Symptoms duration (months)
Allan et al. [15]	Spine	13.0	Fentanyl	338	53.4	61.0	122.5
Allan et al. [15]	Spine	13.0	Morphine	342	54.7	38.0	127.0
Atkinson et al. [16]	Pain	2.0	Maprotiline	33	49.2	36.9	174.0
			Paroxetine	34
			Placebo	36
Atkinson et al. [17]	Pain	3.0	Gabapentin	55	57.8	18.9	206.0
Atkinson et al. [17]	Pain	3.0	Placebo	53	54.6	24.5	213.5
Baron et al. [18]	Pain Practice	2.8	Tapentadol	154	58.5	61.5	112.8
Baron et al. [18]	Pain Practice	2.8	Tapentadol & Pregabalin	159	56.3	54.1	104.4
Bedaiwi et al. [4]	Arthritis Care & Research	1.0	Acetaminophen	25	37.2	44.0
Bedaiwi et al. [4]	Arthritis Care & Research	1.0	Celecoxib	25	43.4	52.0
Birbara et al. [19]	J Pain	3.0	Etoricoxib	101	52.3	63.4	145.2
			Etoricoxib	106	52.2	63.2	129.6
			Placebo	107	51.0	55.1	128.4
Bråten et al. [20]	BMJ	12.0	Amoxicillin	89	44.7	60.0	36.0
Bråten et al. [20]	BMJ	12.0	Placebo	91	45.2	57.0	40.8
Buynak et al. [21]	Expert Opin. Pharmacother		Oxycodone	328	50.0	55.2
			Tapentadol	318	49.4	61.0
			Placebo	319	50.4	57.7
Chu et al. [22]	Pain	1.0	Morphine	69	44.0	36.2
Chu et al. [22]	Pain	1.0	Placebo	70	46.0	51.4
Coats et al. [23]	Clinical Therapeutics	1.0	Valdecoxib	148	48.6	54.7	139.2
Coats et al. [23]	Clinical Therapeutics	1.0	Placebo	145	48.7	58.6	130.8
Gordon et al. [24]	Clin Ther	2.0	Buprenorphine	39	50.7	60.3	154.8
Gordon et al. [24]	Clin Ther	2.0	Placebo	39
Hale et al. [25]	J Pain	3.0	Oxymorphone Release	70	48.2	57.1
Hale et al. [25]	J Pain	3.0	Placebo	72	46.0	33.3
Hwang et al. [26]	Pain Res and Man	1.9	Fentanyl	52	59.0	57.7
Hwang et al. [26]	Pain Res and Man	1.9	Gabapentin	56	58.2	53.6
Jamison et al. [27]	SPINE	4.0	Naproxen	12	42.6	57.1	79.1
			Oxycodone	13
			Oxycodone & Morphine	11
Kalita et al. [28]	J Neurological Sci	3.5	Amitriptyline	103	41.6	45.5	35.2
Kalita et al. [28]	J Neurological Sci	3.5	Pregabalin	97	42.0		35.9
Katz et al. [29]	Am J Pain	4.0	Bupropion	21	49.8	57.1
Katz et al. [29]	Am J Pain	4.0	Placebo	23	51.4	39.1
Katz et al. [30]	Curr Med Res Opin	3.0	Oxymorphone	105	51.3	56.2
Katz et al. [30]	Curr Med Res Opin	3.0	Placebo	100	48.1	50.0
Khoromi et al. [31]	J Pain	4.5	Topiramate & Placebo	21
Khoromi et al. [31]	J Pain	4.5	Placebo & Topiramate	20
Klinger et al. [32]	PAIN		Opioid	12	50.0	18.75	119.33
			Opioid & Conditioning	12	53.0	18.75	158.83
			Placebo	12	50.8	18.75	165.67
			Placebo & Conditioning	12	50.3	18.75	162.17
Konno et al. [33]	SPINE	3.5	Placebo	226	57.8	54.0	123.6
Konno et al. [33]	SPINE	3.5	Duloxetine	230	60	50.0	117.6
Krebs et al. [34]	JAMA	12.0	Opioid	120	56.8	13.0
Krebs et al. [34]	JAMA	12.0	Non-Opioid group	120	59.7	13.0
Markman et al. [35]	Neurology	1.0	Pregabalin & diphenhydramine	14	71.1	29.0
Markman et al. [35]	Neurology	1.0	Diphenhydramine & pregabalin	15	69.0	33.0
Muehlbacher et al. [36]	Clin J Pain	2.5	Topiramate	48	48.8	39.6
Muehlbacher et al. [36]	Clin J Pain	2.5	Placebo	48	48.7	35.4
Perrot et al. [37]	Clin Ther	0.3	Paracetamol & Tramadol	59	56.5	64.4
Perrot et al. [37]	Clin Ther	0.3	Tramadol	60	54.1	51.7
Pheasant et al. [38]	SPINE		Atropine	6	47.2	75.0	118.8
Pheasant et al. [38]	SPINE		Amitriptyline	10
Pota et al. [39]	Pain Manage	1.5	Buprenorphine & pregabalin	22	55.0	50.0	15.0
Pota et al. [39]	Pain Manage	1.5	Buprenorphine	22
Robertson et al. [40]	JAMA Neur	2.0	Pregabalin	10	57.0	39.0
Robertson et al. [40]	JAMA Neur	2.0	Gabapentin	8
Romano et al. [41]	J Orthop Traumatol	3.0	Several protocols combining Pregabalin, Celecoxib and Placebo	36	53.0	55.6
Ruoff et al. [42]	Clinical Therapeutics	3.0	Tramadol & Acetaminophen	161	53.6	67.1
Ruoff et al. [42]	Clinical Therapeutics	3.0	Placebo	157	54.1	59.2
Sakai et al. [43]	Eur Spine J		Pregabalin	30	72.0	30.0
Sakai et al. [43]	Eur Spine J		Tramadol & Acetaminophen	30	72.6	36.7
Schiphorst Preuper et al. [44]	Eur Spine J	0.5	Tramadol & Acetaminophen	25	42.0	72.0	18.0
Schiphorst Preuper et al. [44]	Eur Spine J	0.5	Placebo	25	44.0	64.0	24.0
Schliessbach et al. [45]	European J Pain		Clobazam	49	54.3	59.0	145.2
Schliessbach et al. [45]	European J Pain		Placebo
Schliessbach et al. [46]	PLoS ONE		Imipramine	50	54.4	64.0	134.4
Schliessbach et al. [46]	PLoS ONE		Placebo
Schliessbach et al. [47]	European J Pain		Oxycodone	50.0
			Imipramine	50.0
			Clobazam	49.0
Schukro et al. [48]	Anesthesiology	1.0	Duloxetine	25	57.9	51.0	18.0
Schukro et al. [48]	Anesthesiology	1.0	Placebo
Shell et al. [49]	Am J Ther	1.0	Naproxen	43
			Theramine	42
			Naproxene & Theramine	44
Skljarevski et al. [50]	J Pain	3.0	Placebo	203	53.4	63.1	104.4
Skljarevski et al. [50]	J Pain	3.0	Duloxetine	198	54.9	59.6	99.6
Skljarevski et al. [51]	Pain Medicine	9.0	Duloxetine	83	51.2	65.1	104.4
Skljarevski et al. [51]	Pain Medicine	9.0	Duloxetine & Placebo	98	52.2	63.3	120.0
Steiner et al. [52]	J Pain Symptom Management	3.0	Buprenorphine	257	48.8	52.0
Steiner et al. [52]	J Pain Symptom Management	3.0	Placebo	284	50.0	58.0
Takahashi et al. [53]	Fukushima J Med Sci	3.0	NSAID	15	53.3	53.3	5.92
Takahashi et al. [53]	Fukushima J Med Sci	3.0	Control group	18	57.6	55.6	7.63
Tetsunaga et al. [54]	J Orthop Sci	2.0	Tramadol	35	65.4	62.9	46.0
Tetsunaga et al. [54]	J Orthop Sci	2.0	NSAID	35	62.3	62.9	54.2
Überall et al. [55]	Curr Med Res Opin	1.0	Placebo	120	59.2	55.8	76.4
			Flupirtine	119	58.6	68.9	69.2
			Tramadol	116	57.6	61.2	71.7
Urquhart et al. [56]	JAMA Intern Med	6.0	Amitriptyline	72	53.5	39.0	159.6
Urquhart et al. [56]	JAMA Intern Med	6.0	Control group	74	56.0	38.0	182.4
Webster et al. [57]	J Pain	3.0	Placebo	101	48.7	61.4
			Oxycodone	206	47.9	61.2
			Oxytrex	206	47.8	61.7
			Oxytrex	206	47.9	61.7
Yang et al. [58]	Yonsei Med J	0.5	Aceclofenac	50	57.6	76.0	50.0
Yang et al. [58]	Yonsei Med J	0.5	Aceclofenac	50	56.9	76.0	91.6
Zaringhalam et al. [59]	Chinese Med	2.5	Baclofen	21	55.1		80.4
			Acupuncture	21	54.2		85.2
			Baclofen & Acupuncture	21	54.2		82.8
			Control group	21	54.3		84.0
Zerbini et al. [60]	Curr Med Res Opin	1.0	Etoricoxib	224	51.7	71.9	99.6
Zerbini et al. [60]	Curr Med Res Opin	1.0	Diclofenac	222	52.2	71.6	99.6

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