Table 6 Comparison of different learning phases according to the RA-CUSUM analysis
Variable | Total | Phase | P value | x2 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n = 184 | Learning Phase(n = 41) | Mastery Phase(n = 143) | |||
Gender |  |  |  | – | 0.680 |
Male | 104 | 23 | 75 | – | – |
Female | 80 | 18 | 68 | – | – |
Age(yr) | 65.53 ± 6.21 | 64.27 ± 6.44 | 65.88 ± 6.12 | 0.487 | – |
BMI(kg/m2) | 23.17 ± 2.45 | 23.40 ± 2.73 | 23.11 ± 2.31 | 0.482 | – |
Operation time(min) | 140.14 ± 29.13 | 159.83 ± 39.81 | 134.50 ± 22.44 | 0.000 | – |
Hospital stay(day) | 9.39 ± 2.15 | 11.93 ± 2.68 | 8.67 ± 1.24 | 0.000 | – |
Visible blood loss(ml) | 164.80 ± 18.85 | 174.00 ± 16.6 | 162.17 ± 18.68 | 0.458 | – |
Surgical failure, n(%) | 11(5.98) | 7(17.07) | 4(2.6) | – | 0.000 |
Fusion rate(%, n) | 92.9% (171) | 85.4% (35) | 95.1% (136) | – | 0.074 |