Table 1 Comparison of clinical baselines
|  | PLIF (n = 74) | M-TLIF (n = 74) | T/Z/X2 | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Gender, n (%) | Â | Â | 1.233 | 0.267 |
 Male | 17 (22.97%) | 23 (31.08%) |  |  |
 Female | 57 (77.03%) | 51 (68.92%) |  |  |
Age (years), mean (SD) | 52.08 (13.50) | 56.14 (12.28) | −1.911 | 0.058 |
BMI (kg/m2), mean (SD) | 23.91(3.21) | 24.18 (3.07) | −0.528 | 0.598 |
Degree, n (%) | Â | Â | 1.565 | 0.211 |
 Compulsory education | 48 (64.86%) | 55 (74.32%) |  |  |
 University and above | 26 (35.14%) | 19 (25.68%) |  |  |
Bone mineral density (T value), mean (SD) | −1.40 (1.34) | −1.59 (1.32) | 0.865 | 0.388 |
Course of the disease (years), median (IQR) | 1 (1,4.25) | 2 (0.58,6) | −0.494 | 0.621 |
Preoperative symptoms, n (%) | Â | Â | 0.308 | 0.857 |
 Low back pain | 13 (17.57%) | 12 (16.22%) |  |  |
 Low back pain accompanied by pain in one lower limb | 42 (56.76%) | 40 (54.05%) |  |  |
 Low back pain accompanied by pain in two lower extremities | 19 (25.68%) | 22 (29.73%) |  |  |
Follow-up time (months), median (IQR) | 16 (12.75,18) | 17 (13,21) | −1.896 | 0.058 |
Venous thrombosis, n (%) | Â | Â | 0.695 | 0.706 |
 No | 71 (95.95%) | 69 (93.24%) |  |  |
 Neck | 1 (1.35%) | 1 (1.35%) |  |  |
 Lower limb | 2 (2.70%) | 4 (5.41%) |  |  |
Smoking history, n (%) | Â | Â | 0.499 | 0.480 |
 No | 62 (83.78%) | 65 (87.84%) |  |  |
 Yes | 12 (16.22%) | 9 (12.16%) |  |  |
History of drinking, n (%) | Â | Â | 0.214 | 0.644 |
 No | 62 (83.78%) | 64 (86.49%) |  |  |
 Yes | 12 (16.22%) | 10 (13.51%) |  |  |
History of hypertension, n (%) | Â | Â | 0.153 | 0.696 |
 No | 58 (78.38%) | 56 (75.68%) |  |  |
 Yes | 16 (21.62%) | 18 (24.32%) |  |  |
History of diabetes mellitus, n (%) | Â | Â | 0.965 | 0.326 |
 No | 71 (95.95%) | 67 (90.54%) |  |  |
 Yes | 3 (4.05%) | 7 (9.46%) |  |  |
History of chronic kidney disease, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | 0.497* |
 No | 74 (100%) | 72 (97.30%) |  |  |
 Yes | 0 | 2 (2.70%) |  |  |
Chronic cerebrovascular disease, n (%) | Â | Â | 0.174 | 0.677 |
 No | 70 (94.59%) | 72 (97.30%) |  |  |
 Yes | 4 (5.41%) | 2 (2.70%) |  |  |
Long-term hormone use (oral or intravenous), n (%) | Â | Â | Â | 0.120* |
 No | 74 (100%) | 70 (94.59%) |  |  |
 Yes | 0 | 4 (5.41%) |  |  |
Diagnosis, n (%) | Â | Â | 0.87 | 0.647 |
 Lumber disc herniation | 9(12.16%) | 13 (17.57%) |  |  |
 Lumbar Spinal Stenosis | 43(58.11%) | 41 (55.41%) |  |  |
 Lumbar spondylolisthesis | 22(29.73%) | 20 (27.03%) |  |  |
The state of disease in the past three months, n (%) | Â | Â | 3.031 | 0.082 |
 Almost | 22(29.73%) | 13 (17.57%) |  |  |
 Aggravate | 52(70.27%) | 61 (82.43%) |  |  |
Walking distance before operation (m), n (%) | Â | Â | Â | 0.744* |
 > 1000 m | 1 (1.35%) | 0 |  |  |
 200–1000 m | 19 (25.68%) | 15 (20.27%) |  |  |
 10–200 m | 50 (67.57%) | 54 (72.97%) |  |  |
 ≤ 10 m | 4 (5.41%) | 5 (6.76%) |  |  |