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Fig. 2 | Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research

Fig. 2

From: Comparison of efficacy between endoscope-assisted anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) and open ACDF in the treatment of single-segment cervical spondylotic myelopathy

Fig. 2

Intraoperative microscopic figures: A Laminar forceps were employed to meticulously grasp and excise the intervertebral disc, posterior longitudinal ligament, and hyperplastic osteophytes, all conducted under the direct guidance of endoscopic visualization. B The dural sac was fully exposed following the decompression procedure conducted under endoscopic guidance

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