Clinical characteristics for the patient (n = 371) | |
Age (years)a | 66.29 ± 8.87 |
Sex | |
Male | 54 |
Female | 317 |
BMIa | 22.67 ± 3.32 |
BMD (T score)a | − 3.27 ± 0.94 |
Diagnosis | |
Osteoporotic vertebral fractures | 23 |
Lumbar spondylolisthesis | 151 |
Degenerative scoliosis | 77 |
Lumbar spinal stenosis | 120 |
No. of fused segments per patient | |
Single segment | 47 |
Double segments | 164 |
Multiple segments | 160 |
Blood loss (mL)a | 710.19 ± 575.66 |
Operative time (mins)a | 258.30 ± 61.31 |
Screw design | |
Solid | 101 |
Fenestrated | 270 |
Epidural cement leakage | |
No epidural leakage | 301 |
Local epidural leakage | 51 |
Extensive epidural leakage | 19 |
Characteristics for the augmented screws (n = 1898) | |
The level of augmented screws | |
Thoracic segments (T10-T12) | 47 |
Lumbar segments (L1-L5) | 1851 |
Screw design | |
Solid | 428 |
Fenestrated | 1470 |
Epidural cement leakage | |
No epidural leakage | 1754 |
Local epidural leakage | 112 |
Extensive epidural leakage | 32 |
The morphology of basivertebral foramen | |
A magistral type | 801 |
A dispersed type | 1097 |
The position of pedicle screw in the vertebral body (mm)a | |
The distance between screw tip and the midline of vertebral body | 24.10 ± 3.25 |
The distance between screw tip and the posterior wall of vertebral body | 5.47 ± 2.38 |
Cement extension into pedicle area | |
Yes | 110 |
No | 1788 |