Table 1 Characteristics of included studies
Author | year | Study design | No. of patients | Age range (years) | Implant type | Follow-up (months) | Adjusted covariates | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Ai et al. [2] | 2012 | Retrospective | 99 | 45–85 | Cannulated screws | 28–60 | Age, displacement of fractures, quality of reduction, removal of implants |
2 | Chang et al. [13] | 2019 | Case control | 102 | 50–60 | Internal fixation without restriction | 12–16 | Reduction quality, emergency room to operating room (< 6 h or ≧ 6 h), removal of implant |
3 | Pei et al. [9] | 2020 | Retrospective | 250 | 18–60 | Hollow compression screws | 12–180 | Type of fracture, the quality of reduction, the removal of internal fixation, BMI, and ASA classification |
4 | Wang C et al. [10] | 2015 | Retrospective | 150 | 20–80 | Cannulated screws | 34–41 | Garden classification, displacement of center of femoral head, displacement of deepest of femoral head foveae, rotational displacement |
5 | Wang T et al. [5] | 2014 | Retrospective | 146 | 18–68 | Cannulated cancellous screws | 84 | Garden classification, reduction quality, preoperative traction, and implant removal |