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Table 3 Effect of pedicle screw swivel versus standard acquisition trajectory

From: Effect of changing the acquisition trajectory of the 3D C-arm (CBCT) on image quality in spine surgery: experimental study using an artificial bone model

 

p

\({\eta }_{p}^{2}\)

Cohens d

Overall (Th10–L5)

Subjective image quality (Q1–Q9)

 < 0.001

0.483

0.97

Spinal canal and dorsal vertebral body (Q1–Q3)

 < 0.001

0.347

0.73

Vertebral pedicle (Q4–Q6)

 < 0.001

0.402

0.82

Screw length and ventral vertebral body (Q7–Q8)

 < 0.001

0.301

0.66

Clinical assessability (Q9)

 < 0.001

0.341

0.72

Spine area 1 (Th10–L1)

Subjective image quality (Q1–Q9)

 < 0.001

0.652

1.37

Spinal canal and dorsal vertebral body (Q1–Q3)

 < 0.001

0.554

1.11

Vertebral pedicle (Q4–Q6)

 < 0.001

0.498

1.00

Screw length and ventral vertebral body (Q7–Q8)

0.001

0.433

0.87

Clinical assessability (Q9)

 < 0.001

0.542

1.09

Spine area 2 (L2–L5)

Subjective image quality (Q1Q9)

0.010

0.239

0.56

Spinal canal and dorsal vertebral body (Q1Q3)

0.119

0.180

 

Vertebral pedicle (Q4Q6)

0.025

0.208

0.51

Screw length and ventral vertebral body (Q7Q8)

0.288

0.112

 

Clinical assessability (Q9)

0.109

0.155