Correlation of psoas major muscle morphology with function and clinical symptoms in patients with symptomatic multilevel lumbar spinal stenosis

Table 5 Association of patient characteristics and muscle parameters with back pain severity as measured with VAS

Subject characters	Univariable analysis		Multiple logistic regression
Subject characters	Coefficient, 95% CI	p value	Coefficient, 95% CI	p value
Gender	− 0.645 (− 1.556, 0.266)	0.163
Age	− 0.020 (− 0.069, 0.029)	0.418
BMI	0.003 (− 0.107, 0.113)	0.955
Back pain duration	0.005 (− 0.0003, 0.011)	0.062
Leg pain duration	0.002 (− 0.006, 0.010)	0.694
Number of levels involved	0.147 (− 0.821, 1.116)	0.763
PMI	− 0.793 (− 1.060, − 0.527)	< 0.001	− 0.666 (− 0.936, 0.368)	< 0.001
HU	− 0.158 (− 0.235, − 0.081)	< 0.001	− 0.075 (− 0.156, 0.005)	0.067
MPM	− 1.054 (− 5.173, 3.065)	0.613

Bold indicates statistical significance
VAS visual analogue scale; CI confidence interval; BMI body mass index; PM psoas major muscle mass index; HU Hounsfield units; MPM morphological change in the psoas major

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