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Table 3 Safety of the expandable fusion cage implantation

From: Kambin's triangle-related data based on magnetic resonance neurography and its role in percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic lumbar interbody fusion

Level

Area (%/n)

Height (%/n)

Width (%/n)

L1-L2

13.10 (11)

23.81 (20)

34.52 (29)

L2-L3

55.95 (47)

79.76 (67)

33.33 (28)

L3-L4

77.38 (65)

95.24 (80)

53.57 (45)

L4-L5

100 (84)

100 (84)

96.43 (81)

L5-S1

100 (84)

100 (84)

77.38 (65)

  1. Values are expressed as the ratio of the sample size that the measured parameters are larger than the corresponding cage size to the total sample size at each segment (the number of samples that the measured parameters are larger than the corresponding size of the cage)
  2. The risk of nerve root injury during cage implantation in each lumbar intervertebral space was assessed based on the safety of the three observational indicators of area, height, and width, and safety ≤ 40% was considered high risk, safety > 40% and ≤ 70% medium risk, and safety > 70% low risk