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Table 2 Characteristics of included studies

From: Efficacy of conservative treatment for spastic cerebral palsy children with equinus gait: a systematic review and meta-analysis

First author (country)

RCT

design

Sample size (n)

Mean age

(years)

Gender

(n)

Topographic distribution

(n)

GMFCS

I/II/III (n)

Baseline PROM of ankle DF with KE

(mean of degrees)

Baker et al. [27]

(Northern Ireland)

Parallel

125

5.34

M = 67

F = 58

Diplegia = 125

N.A

10.38

Bottos et al. [28]

(Italy)

Parallel

10

6.4

M = 7

M = 3

N.A

N.A

N.A

Buckon et al. [29]

(USA)

Crossover

16

8.4

M = 10

F = 6

N.A

I = 4/II = 12

N.A

Corry et al. [9]

(Northern Ireland)

Parallel

20

4.6

N.A

Hemiplegia = 8

Diplegia = 11

Quadriplegia = 1

N.A

− 1.25

Dalvand et al. [30]

(Iran)

Parallel

30

6.03

M = 13 F = 17

Diplegia = 30

I = 12/II = 13/III = 5

N.A

Dursun et al. [13]

(Turkey)

Parallel

35

9

M = 28

F = 7

Hemiplegia = 6

Diplegia = 29

N.A

N.A

Dursun et al. [31]

(Turkey)

Parallel

51

6.4

M = 32

F = 29

Hemiplegia = 14

Diplegia = 37

I = 11/II = 25/III = 15

10.33

El-Etribi et al. [20]

(Eqypt)

Parallel

40

3.6

N.A

N.A

N.A

(17.3)

Flett et al. [10]

(Australia)

Parallel

18

3.7

M = 11

F = 7

Hemiplegia = 5

Diplegia = 10

Triplegia = 1

Quadriplegia = 2

N.A

7.04

Hayek et al. [32]

(Israel)

Parallel

20

3.9

M = 11

F = 9

Hemiplegia = 10

Diplegia = 10

I = 12/II = 5/III = 3

5.8

Koman et al. [7]

( USA)

Parallel

12

4-11a

N.A

Hemiplegia = 4

Diplegia = 8

N.A

N.A

Koman et al. [23]

( USA)

Parallel

114

2–16 a

N.A

Hemiplegia = 32

Diplegia = 182

N.A

N.A

Mass et al. [21]

(Netherlands)

Parallel

19

8.89

M = 12

F = 7

Hemiplegia = 9

Diplegia = 10

I = 10/II = 7/III = 2

N.A

Radtka et al. [33]

( USA)

Crossover

10

6.5

M = 6

F = 4

Hemiplegia = 4

Diplegia = 6

N.A

 ≥ 5*

Radtka et al. [34]

( USA)

Crossover

12

7.5

M = 6

F = 6

N.A

N.A

 ≥ 5*

Rethlefsen et al. [35]

( USA)

Crossover

21

9.1

M = 13

F = 8

Diplegia = 21

N.A

 ≥ 5*

Sutherland et al. [12]

( USA)

Parallel

20

6.1

M = 16

F = 4

Hemiplegia = 10

Diplegia = 9

Quadriplegia = 1

N.A

 ≥ 0

Ubhi et al. [11]

(England)

Parallel

40

7.43

M = 23

F = 17

Hemiplegia = 12

Diplegia = 28

N.A

− 17.51

Xu et al. [36]

( China)

Parallel

65

4.6

M = 44

F = 21

N.A

I = 24/II = 41

− 8.2

Yigitoglu et al. [37] (Turkey)

Parallel

38

6.3

M = 19 F = 19

Diplegia = 38

I = 9/II = 9/III = 20

N.A

  1. a Age range; N.A., not available; PROM, passive range of motion; DF, dorsiflexion; and KE, knee extension
  2. *A minimum five degrees of PROM
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Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research

ISSN: 1749-799X