Table 1 Characteristics of included studies
Authors | Year | Country | Study design | Total (% female) | Mean age | Underweight definition Decease/total number (%) | Average weight definition Decease/total number (%) | Obesity/definition Decease/total number (%) | Mortality Follow-up | Hazard ratio provided |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chaudhry et al. [24] | 2021 | USA | Retrospective studies | 104,468 (69%) | NA | BMI < 18.5 | BMI: 18.5–24.9 | BMI > 30 | 30 days | No |
856/9292 (9.2%) | 3421/49,916 (6.9%) | 708/16,153 (4.8%) | ||||||||
Müller et al. [26] | 2020 | Munich, Germany | Retrospective single-center cohort study | 950 (67.1%) | 74.8 ± 13.51 | BMI < 18.5 | BMI: 18.5–25 | BMI > 30 | < 30 days | No |
2/80 (2.5%) | 17/570 (3%) | 1/59 (1.7%) | ||||||||
Pedersen et al. (transfuse) (non-transfused) [17] | 2016 | Denmark | Prospective population-based study | 10,527 | NA | BMI < 18.5 | BMI: 18.5–25 | BMI > 30 | 1 year | Yes |
No data/5010 | No data/25,639 | No data/2889 | ||||||||
Prieto‐Alhambra et al. [22] | 2014 | Spain | Retrospective population- based cohort study | 6988 (71.3%) | 79.3 ± 11.8 | BMI < 18.5 | BMI: 18.5–25 | BMI > 30 | 1.17 (0.53–2.02) year | Yes |
26/79 (32.9%) | 308/1353 (22.8%) | 187/1315 (14.2%) | ||||||||
Solbakken et al. [21] | 2017 | Norway | Matched cohort study | 3177 (65%) | 80.6 | BMI < 18.5 | BMI: 18.5–25 | BMI > 30 | 2–9 years | Yes |
59/76 (78%) | 888/1372 (65%) | 291/476 (61%) | ||||||||
Kirkland et al. [25] | 2011 | Minnesota, USA | Retrospective cohort chart review | 485 (73%) | 64–90 | BMI < 18.5 | BMI: 18.5–25 | BMI > 30 | 30 days | No, only odds ratio |
8/42 (19%) | 19/241 (7.9%) | 1/67 (1.5%) | ||||||||
Kimura et al. [28] | 2019 | Kyushu, Japan | Retrospective study | 497 (78.5%) | 80.1 ± 7.9 | BMI < 18.5 | BMI: 18.5–25 | BMI > = 25 | 1 year | Yes |
26/158 (16.5%) | 17/295 (5.7%) | 2/44 (4.5%) | ||||||||
Tahir et al. [18] | 2020 | Karachi, Pakistan | Prospective study | 490 (68.6%) | NA | BMI < 20 | BMI: 20–25 | BMI > 30 | ||
25/73 (34.2%) | 40/146 (25.9) | 17/117 (14.5%) | 1 years | No | ||||||
2/73 (2.7%) | 2/146 (1.3%) | 0/117 (0%) | 30 days | No | ||||||
Akinleye et al. [23] | 2018 | USA | Prospective study | 15,108 (62%) | 69.8–77 | BMI < 20 | BMI: 20–29 | BMI > 30 | 30 days | No |
196/2414 (8.12%) | 552/10,734 (5.14%) | 74/1960 (3.8%) | ||||||||
Modig et al. [12] | 2019 | Sweden | Prospective cohort Study | 17,756 (68.3%) | 82.7 ± 8.0 | BMI < 22 | BMI: 22–25 | BMI > 30 | 1 year | Yes |
1778/5986 (29.7%) | 1253/5494 (22.8%) | 222/1503 (14.8%) | ||||||||
Flodin et al. [27] | 2016 | Stockholm, Sweden | Prospective multicenter study | 843 (73%) | 82 ± 7 | BMI < 22 | BMI: 22–26 | BMI > 26 | 1 year | No |
58/364 (16%) | 61/341 (18%) | 9/138 (6%) |