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Table 1 Univariate analysis of variables between pneumonia and non-pneumonia patients

From: Incidence and risk factors for postoperative pneumonia following surgically treated hip fracture in geriatric patients: a retrospective cohort study

Variables

Pneumonia (n = 182)

Non-pneumonia (n = 2965)

P

Sex (males)

97 (53.3)

941 (31.7)

< 0.001

Age (≥ 60 years)

79.3 ± 8.5

75.7 ± 8.8

< 0.001

Living place (rural)

87 (47.8)

1577 (53.2)

0.158

BMI (Kg/m2)

  

0.112

 18.5–23.9

125 (68.7)

1861 (62.8)

 

 < 18.5

7 (3.8)

136 (4.6)

 

 24.0–27.9

33 (18.1)

756 (25.5)

 

 ≥ 28.0

17 (9.3)

212 (7.2)

 

Hypertension

105 (57.7)

1574 (53.1)

0.227

Diabetes mellitus

52 (28.6)

708 (23.9)

0.151

Respiratory disease

28 (15.4)

105 (3.5)

< 0.001

Heart disease

48 (26.4)

398 (13.4)

< 0.001

Cerebrovascular disease

56 (30.8)

492 (16.6)

< 0.001

Liver disease

12 (6.6)

79 (2.7)

0.002

Renal disease

17 (9.3)

153 (5.2)

0.015

Tumors

4 (2.2)

79 (2.7)

0.703

Previous surgical history

72 (39.6)

888 (29.9)

0.006

Cigarette smoking

39 (21.4)

389 (13.1)

0.002

Alcohol drinking

26 (14.3)

254 (8.6)

0.009

Fracture type

  

0.015

 Femoral neck

78 (42.9)

1545 (52.1)

 

 Intertrochanteric

104 (57.1)

1420 (47.9)

 

Preoperative stay (days)

7.5 ± 6.1

5.3 ± 3.8

< 0.001

Intraoperative bleeding (ml)

293.7 ± 236.6

277.3 ± 277.7

0.435

Intraoperative blood transfusion

55 (30.2)

683 (23.0)

0.026

Surgical duration (minutes)

114.7 ± 41.6

110.0 ± 41.6

0.141

Procedure

  

0.532

 Arthroplasty

66 (36.3)

1144 (38.6)

 

 Osteosynthesis

116 (63.7)

1821 (61.4)

 

ASA

  

0.001

 I–II

74 (40.7)

1571 (53.0)

 

 III–IV

108 (59.3)

1394 (47.0)

 

Anesthesia (general)

126 (69.2)

1687 (56.9)

< 0.001

TP (< 60 g/L)

109 (59.9)

1770 (59.7)

0.959

TC (> 5.8 mmol/L)

3 (1.6)

123 (4.1)

0.095

WBC (> 10 * 109/L)

69 (37.9)

860 (29)

0.011

LYM (< 1.8*109/L)

84 (46.2)

1466 (49.4)

0.389

RBC (< Lower limit)

77 (42.3)

1355 (45.7)

0.372

HGB (< Lower limit)

78 (42.9)

1341 (45.2)

0.533

HCT (< Lower limit)

44 (24.2)

787 (26.5)

0.428

PLT (> 300 * 109/L)

36 (19.8)

364 (12.3)

0.003

  1. BMI body mass index, ASA American Society of Anesthesiologists, TP total protein, TC serum total cholesterol, WBC white blood cell, LYM lymphocyte, RBC red blood cell, reference range: Female, 3.5–5.0 * 1012/L; males, 4.0–5.5 * 1012/L, HGB hemoglobin, reference range: Females, 110–150 g/L; males, 120–160 g/L, HCT hematocrit, reference range: Females, 35–45%; males, 40–50%; PLT, platelet
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Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research

ISSN: 1749-799X