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Fig. 4 | Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research

Fig. 4

From: Comparison of intra-articular administration of adenosine, lidocaine and magnesium solution and tranexamic acid for alleviating postoperative inflammation and joint fibrosis in an experimental model of knee arthroplasty

Fig. 4

Persistent systemic and local joint inflammation. Levels of a IL-1β and b IL-10 in plasma and c NF-κB, d IL-12p70 and e IL-2 in joint capsular tissue were higher for TXA- than ALM-treated animals at day 28 following surgery. f Compared to TXA-treated knees, numbers of CD68-positive macrophages were lower in capsular tissue from knees administered an IA bolus of ALM at day 28 following surgery. g Representative images of CD68 staining in medial capsular tissue of native and implanted knees at day 28 following surgery (magnification, × 100). Data show mean ± SEM. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, compared to TXA

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Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research

ISSN: 1749-799X