Table 3 Summary of group differences in static and dynamic balance scales and foot pressure distribution
Variables | With instability (n = 26) | Without instability (n = 31) | p value | η2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
M (SD) | M (SD) | |||
Static | ||||
 Open eye | ||||
  APSI | 0.78 (0.59) | 0.46 (0.24) | 0.01* | 0.11 |
  MLSI | 0.28 (0.30) | 0.26 (0.23) | 0.8 | 0.001 |
  OSI | 0.92 (0.64) | 0.75 (0.74) | 0.37 | 0.01 |
 Close eye | ||||
  APSI | 2.27 (1.29) | 1.18 (0.56) | 0.0001* | 0.22 |
  MLSI | 0.75 (0.61) | 0.60 (0.55) | 0.32 | 0.01 |
  OSI | 2.39 (1.28) | 1.84 (1.56) | 0.14 | 0.03 |
Dynamic | ||||
 Open eye | ||||
  APSI | 1.56 (1.21) | 1.07 (0.51) | 0.06 | 0.06 |
  MLSI | 1.19 (0.97) | 0.83 (0.60) | 0.1 | 0.04 |
  OSI | 2.66 (0.38) | 1.45 (0.61) | 0.14 | 0.03 |
 Close eye | ||||
  APSI | 2.47 (1.14) | 1.57 (0.51) | 0.001* | 0.18 |
  MLSI | 2.30(0.86) | 1.33 (0.67) | 0.0001* | 0.28 |
  OSI | 4.15 (1.06) | 2.48 (0.71) | 0.0001* | 0.46 |
Foot pressure distribution (dynamic) | ||||
 Gait line (mm) | ||||
  Right | 218.53 (32.86) | 225.90 (68.53) | 0.6 | 0.001 |
  Left | 253.31 (114.44) | 212.23 (60.28) | 0.11 | 0.04 |
 Contact time (s) | ||||
  Right | 1.19 (0.45) | 1.03 (0.26) | 0.13 | 0.03 |
  Left | 1.36 (0.66) | 1.28 (0.63) | 0.62 | 0.001 |