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Table 1 Basic information of the included studies

From: Sonication fluid culture of antibiotic-loaded bone cement spacer has high accuracy to confirm eradication of infection before reimplantation of new prostheses

Study

Country

No. of patients

Design

Inclusion interval

Sex (M/F)

Mean age (range, yrs)

No. of joints

Reference standard

No. infected or failure/total

No. of prostheses

DM (n, %)

Tobacco use (n, %)

COPD (n, %)

Corticosteroid use (n, %)

Immuno-suppression

Rheumatoid arthritis

QUADAS-2 score

Hips

Knees

Shoulders

Elbows

Others

Sorli et al. [19]

Spain

55

P

01.2007–09.2008

24/31

73 (39–98)

17

37

1

0

0

PUS, SIGNS, and M

18/55

14 (25)

-

6 (11)

6 (11)

-

-

11

Mariconda et al. [30]

Italy

21

R

03.2009–1.2011

11/10

66.1 (55–78)

5

16

0

0

0

SIGNS, and M, ECRP, ELC

3/21

-

-

-

-

-

-

10

Nelson et al. [17]

USA

36

P

01.11.2010–30.11.2011

19/17

68 (20–86)

7

29

0

0

0

RI, SS, CAS, AMP, and DEA

11/36

12 (33)

11 (31)

-

11 (31)

2 (6)

-

11

Bereza et al. [28]

Poland

13

P

NR

6/7

69.2 (50–84)

4

9

0

0

0

M and/or SS

2/13

-

-

-

-

-

-

9

Esteban et al. [29]

Spain

46

P

10.2010–12.2013

11/35

71.3 (NR)

13

32

2

3

0

F or P with ECRP or GIT

16/50

-

-

-

-

-

-

11

Mariaux et al. [21]

Switzerland

30

P

09.2014–03.2016

22/8

66 (28–85)

15

14

0

0

1

M; SIGNS;F

6/46

-

-

-

-

-

-

11

Olsen et al. [20]

USA

41

R

09.2013–04.2016

21/20

62 ± 11

15

25

0

0

1

MSIS

6/41

8 (20)

9 (22)

-

-

-

-

10

Torrens et al. [27]

Spain

21

R

01.2006–12.2014

7/14

67.5 (45–86)

0

0

21

0

0

M, PUS; SIGNS;SS

3/21

4 (18)

-

-

2 (8)

-

-

10

Gomez-Urena et al. [26]

USA

66

R

11.2007–10.2014

42/24

60.5 (51–71)

20

46

0

0

0

PUS; sinus tract; H; SIGNS with ECRP or EESR

15/66

12 (18)

-

-

-

7 (11)

5 (8)

10

Hipfl et al. 24]

Germany

97

R

06.2014–11.2016

41/56

69.7 ± 11.2

0

97

0

0

0

SY; ELC; GIT; H

22/97

21 (22)

-

-

10 (10)

-

-

10

Sambri et al. [25]

Italy

157

R

06.2014–07.2016

64/93

63 (21–93)

55

102

0

0

0

MSIS

32/157

-

-

-

-

-

-

10

  1. R retrospective; P prospective; NR not recorded; DM diabetes mellitus; COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Delphi Delphi-based consensus data; P pain; M microbiology; SS subsequent surgery; H histopathology; GIT grossly infected tissues; RI recurrent infection; CAS chronic antibiotic suppression; AMP amputation; DEA death; PUS pus was found in the synovial fluid, implant site, or sinus tract; SIGNS clinical signs of acute inflammation; MSIS Musculoskeletal Infection Society; F fistulae; ECRP elevated C-reactive protein; EESR elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate; ELC elevated leukocyte count; SY symptoms or signs of prosthetic joint infection
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Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research

ISSN: 1749-799X