Histological analysis of induced membranes in patients whose bone defects were treated with the Masquelet technique to identify factors affecting the vascularity of induced membranes

Table 1 Patients’ characteristics and data of histological analyses

Case	Sex	Age	Affected site	Duration of the cement placement (days)	Free flap	Antibiotics within the cement	Smoking	DM	Osteogenesis within the membrane	Inflammation	Foreign body reaction	Fibrosis	Blood vessel counts per 1mm²
1	M	43	Tibia	83	+	+	+		+	1	1	2	55
2	M	22	Ilium	74		+				1	1	2	30
3	M	58	Femur	46			+			1	2	1	70
4	M	70	Tibia	116		+	+	+	+	2	1	2	45
5	F	66	Calcaneus	49		+				2	1	1	15
6	M	32	Tibia	49		+	+			1	2	1	20
7	M	48	Tibia	67	+	+	+			2	2	1	35
8	M	23	Femur	46			+			2	2	1	30
9	F	73	Tibia	47		+	+			2	1	2	55
10	F	61	Tibia	53		+	+			2	2	1	25
11	M	55	Tibia	61		+	+			2	0	1	60
12	M	65	Tibia	50		+	+			1	1	2	30
13	M	55	Tibia	56		+	+			1	1	2	15
14	M	47	Knee	98		+	+	+		2	1	1	55
15	M	51	Femur	54		+	+			1	3	2	20
16	M	17	Tibia	63		+				2	0	2	20
17	M	52	Tibia	126	+	+				2	2	1	15
18	F	72	Femur	56		+				2	1	1	30
19	M	54	Knee	37	+	+	+			2	1	2	30
20	M	14	Clavicle	84		+				2	3	2	50
21	M	42	Tibia	100	+	+				2	3	1	20
22	M	60	Tibia	72		+	+		+	1	1	2	55
23	M	31	Fibula	63			+			1	1	2	45
24	M	44	Tibia	56		+	+		+	2	1	2	92
25	M	54	Tibia	112		+	+			1	2	2	38
26	M	69	Tibia	65	+	+	+	+		1	1	2	17
27	M	63	Tibia	90		+	+			2	1	3	55
28	F	71	Tibia	83	+	+				1	1	1	10
29	F	64	Tibia	70		+				1	1	2	28
30	F	45	Femur	37		+				2	1	2	56
31	M	58	Femur	57		+	+	+		2	1	3	53
32	M	25	Femur	110			+			1	0	3	22
33	F	67	Tibia	56		+				3	3	2	40
34	M	61	Calcaneus	84	+	+	+	+		1	1	3	50
35	M	53	Tibia	125	+	+	+			2	2	1	9
36	F	90	Femur	63		+		+		2	1	2	53

M male, F female, Knee knee joint, DM diabetes mellitus. Grading scale of the inflammation, foreign body reaction, and fibrosis is shown as 0 to 3. Cement placement was done twice for cases 1, 13, 15, 17, and 19. Data of the 1st placement is shown

ISSN: 1749-799X