Inertial measurement units for the detection of the effects of simulated leg length inequalities

Siebers, Hannah Lena; Eschweiler, Jörg; Quack, Valentin M.; Tingart, Markus; Betsch, Marcel

doi:10.1186/s13018-021-02212-z

Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research

Table 2 Statistic evaluation with RM ANOVA or Friedman-test of sagittal plane parameter

From: Inertial measurement units for the detection of the effects of simulated leg length inequalities

Parameter	Phase	Leg	Side	p value	Effect size	LLI with a significant difference to the physiological case
Parameter	Phase	Leg	Side	p value	Effect size	LLI	p values
Max. hip flexion	Stance	Long leg	Left	< 0.001	0.664	≥ 2	< 0.001-0.004
		Long leg	Right	< 0.001	0.784	All	< 0.001-0.011
		Short leg	Left	0.026	0.156	No
		Short leg	Right	0.102	0.097
	Swing	Long leg	Left	< 0.001	0.806	All	< 0.001
		Long leg	Right	< 0.001	0.924	≥ 2	< 0.001-0.002
		Short leg	Left	0.008	0.164	No
		Short leg	Right	0.037	0.141	No
Max. hip extension	Stance	Long leg	Left	< 0.001	0.302	≥ 3	0.006-0.007
		Long leg	Right	< 0.001	0.386	≥ 3	< 0.001
		Short leg	Left	< 0.001	0.479	≥ 2	< 0.001-0.002
		Short leg	Right	< 0.001	0.603	All	< 0.001
	Swing	Long leg	Left	< 0.001	0.630	All	< 0.001-0.049
		Long leg	Right	< 0.001	0.582	≥ 3	< 0.001
		Short leg	Left	< 0.001	0.430	≥ 2	< 0.001-0.002
		Short leg	Right	< 0.001	0.586	All	≤ 0.001
Max. knee flexion	Stance	Long leg	Left	< 0.001	0.855	All	< 0.001
		Long leg	Right	< 0.001	0.876	≥ 2	< 0.001
		Short leg	Left	< 0.001	0.727	All	< 0.001
		Short leg	Right	< 0.001	0.749	All	< 0.001-0.027
	Swing	Long leg	Left	< 0.001	0.873	All	< 0.001
		Long leg	Right	< 0.001	0.890	All	< 0.001
		Short leg	Left	< 0.001	0.351	≥ 3	0.005-0.011
		Short leg	Right	< 0.001	0.462	4	0.014
Max. knee extension	Stance	Long leg	Left	< 0.001	0.282	4	< 0.001
		Long leg	Right	< 0.001	0.423	≥ 2	< 0.001-0.037
		Short leg	Left	< 0.001	0.351	≥ 3	< 0.001-0.002
		Short leg	Right	< 0.001	0.555	≥ 2	< 0.001
	Swing	Long leg	Left	< 0.001	0.418	4	0.009
		Long leg	Right	< 0.001	0.713	≥ 3	< 0.001
		Short leg	Left	< 0.001	0.239	2, 4	0.017-0.034
		Short leg	Right	0.001	0.252	2, 4	0.010-0.021
Max. ankle dorsiflexion	Stance	Long leg	Left	< 0.001	0.627	≥ 2	< 0.001-0.024
		Long leg	Right	0.026	0.201	No
		Short leg	Left	< 0.001	0.378	≥ 2	0.006-0.024
		Short leg	Right	0.001	0.317	1-3	0.003-0.028
	Swing	Long leg	Left	< 0.001	0.272	No
		Long leg	Right	< 0.001	0.357	4	0.014
		Short leg	Left	0.095	0.099
		Short leg	Right	0.012	0.160	2	0.007
Max. ankle plantarflexion	Stance	Long leg	Left	< 0.001	0.388	≥ 2	< 0.001-0.014
		Long leg	Right	< 0.001	0.466	≥ 3	< 0.001
		Short leg	Left	< 0.001	0.459	≥ 2	< 0.001-0.014
		Short leg	Right	< 0.001	0.360	All	< 0.001-0.019
	Swing	Long leg	Left	< 0.001	0.618	All	< 0.001-0.014
		Long leg	Right	< 0.001	0.558	≥ 2	< 0.001-0.043
		Short leg	Left	< 0.001	0.465	≥ 2	< 0.001-0.005
		Short leg	Right	< 0.001	0.440	All	< 0.001-0.002

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ISSN: 1749-799X

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