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Fig. 1 | Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research

Fig. 1

From: Posterolateral fusion combined with posterior decompression shows superiority in the treatment of severe lumbar spinal stenosis without lumbar disc protrusion or prolapse: a retrospective cohort study

Fig. 1

Classification of LSS. a Grade A: no or minor stenosis; there is clearly CSF visible inside the dural sac. b Grade B: moderate stenosis; the rootlets occupy the whole of the dural sac, but they can still be individualized. Some CSF is still present giving a grainy appearance to the sac. c Grade C: severe stenosis; no rootlets can be recognized, the dural sac demonstrating a homogeneous gray signal with no CSF signal visible, and there is epidural fat present posteriorly. d Extreme stenosis; in addition to no rootlets being recognizable, there is no epidural fat posteriorly

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Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research

ISSN: 1749-799X