Table 4 Surgical protocols
Study | Thromboprophylaxis | DVT screening method | Prosthetic properties | Blood transfusion protocol | Tourniquet | Drainage |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Jules-Elysee et al. [14] | Unclear | Unclear | Cemented | Unclear | Yes | Clamped for 4 h |
Laoruengthana et al. [13] | LMWH/warfarin | Unclear | Cemented | Hb < 9.0 g/L | Yes | Clamped for 3 h |
Rivaroxaban | Doppler ultrasound | Cemented | Unclear | Yes | Unclear | |
Abdel et al. [20] | Aspirin/warfarin | Unclear | Cemented | Hb < 7.0 g/dL Hb < 10.0 g/dL + symptoms | Yes | Unclear |
Ahmed et al. [17] | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear |
López-Hualda et al. [21] | Unclear | Unclear | Cemented | Hb < 8.0 g/dL + symptoms | Yes | Unclear |
George et al. [16] | LMWH/aspirin | Doppler ultrasound | Cemented | Hb < 7.0 g/dL | Yes | Unclear |
Subramanyam et al. [19] | Aspirin Calf pump | Clinical examination Doppler ultrasound | Cemented | Hb < 8.0 g/dL Hb < 10.0 g/dL + symptoms | Yes | No drain |
Wei et al. [18] | LMWH | Unclear | Cemented | Hb < 8.0 g/dL Hb < 10.0 g/dL + symptoms | Yes | Unclear |
Goyal et al. [36] | LMWH/aspirin Compression stocking | Doppler ultrasound | Hybrid | Hb < 7.0 g/dL Hb < 10.0 g/dL + symptoms | No | Closed |
Lacko et al. [22] | Unclear | Doppler ultrasound | Cemented | Hb < 8.0 g/dL Hb < 9.0 + symptoms | Yes | Unclear |
Maniar et al. [33] | LMWH Ankle pumping exercise Compression stocking | Clinical examination Doppler ultrasound | Cemented | Hn < 8.5 g/dL Hb < 10.0 g/dL + symptoms | Yes | Clamped for 2 h |
Prakash et al. [26] | LMWH Calf pump | Doppler ultrasound Chest CT | Cemented | Hb < 8.0 g/dL | Yes | Clamped for 30 min |
Song et al. [35] | LMWH in high-risk patient | Doppler ultrasound Chest CT | Cemented | Hb < 8.0 g/dL | Yes | Clamped for 10 min |
Stowers et al. [24] | Aspirin | Clinical examination | Cemented | Hb < 8.0 g/dL Hb < 10.0 g/dL + symptoms | Yes | No drain |
Uğurlu et al. [34] | LMWH Compression stocking | Clinical examination | Unclear | Hb < 8.0 g/dL Hb > 8.0 g/dL + symptoms | Yes | Clamped for 1 h |
LMWH/rivaroxaban Elastic bandage | Doppler ultrasound | Cemented | Hb < 6.0 g/dL Hb > 6.0 + symptoms | Yes | Clamped for 2 h | |
Zekcer et al. [25] | LMWH Compression stocking | Unclear | Cemented | Hb < 8.0 g/dL | Yes | Unclear |
Aggarwal et al. [39] | Aspirin | Clinical examination | Cemented | Hb > 8.0 g/dL + symptoms | Yes | Clamped for 1 h |
LMWH Calf pumps | Clinical examination Doppler ultrasound Chest CT | Cemented | Hb < 8.0 g/dL Hb < 10.0 g/dL + symptoms | Yes | Unclear | |
Drosos et al. [38] | LMWH Compression stocking | Clinical examination Doppler ultrasound | Hybrid | Hb < 10.0 g/dL + symptoms | Yes | No clamp |
Keyhani et al. [42] | LMWH | Doppler ultrasound | Cemented | Hb < 8.0 g/dL | Yes | Clamped for 2 h |
May et al. [37] | LMWH Sequential compression | Clinical examination | Unclear | Hb < 7.0 g/dL Hb < 10.0 g/dL + symptoms | Yes | No drain |
Pinsornsak et al. [37] | Ankle pumping exercise Early ambulation | Clinical examination | Cemented | Hb < 10.0 g/dL + symptoms | Yes | Clamped for 3 h |
Tzatzairis et al. [40] | LMWH Compression stocking | Doppler ultrasound Clinical examination Chest CT | Cemented | Hb < 10.0 g/dL + symptoms | No | Clamped for 1 h |
Aguilera et al. [43] | LMWH | Clinical examination | Cemented | Hb < 8.0 g/dL Hb < 9.0 g/dL + symptoms | Yes | Clamped for 1 h |
Digas et al. [44] | Tinzaparin | Clinical examination | Cemented | Hb < 8.5 g/dL Hb < 9.5 g/dL + symptoms | Yes | Clamped for 3 h |
Öztaş et al. [45] | LMWH | Clinical examination | Unclear | Hb < 8.0 g/dL Hb < 10.0 g/dL + symptoms | Yes | Clamped for 30 min |
Gomez-Barrena et al. [46] | LMWH | Clinical examination Doppler ultrasound | Cemented | Hb < 8.0 g/dL Hb < 10.0 g/dL + symptoms | Yes | Clamped for 2 h |
Patel et al. [47] | LMWH | Doppler ultrasound Chest CT | Unclear | Hb < 8.0 g/dL + symptoms | Yes | Yes |
Sarzaeem et al. [48] | Unclear | Unclear | Cemented | Hb < 8.0 g/dL Hb < 10.0 g/dL + symptoms | Yes | Clamped for 1 h |
Soni et al. [49] | LMWH Ankle pumping exercise | Clinical examination | Cemented | Hb < 8.0 g/dL | Yes | Clamped for 1 h |
Seo et al. [50] | Unclear | Unclear | Cemented | Hb < 8.0 g/dL Hb < 10.0 g/dL + symptoms | Yes | No drain |
Maniar et al. [51] | LMWH Ankle pumping exercise Compression stocking | Clinical examination Doppler ultrasound | Cemented | Hb < 8.5 g/dL Hb < 10.0 g/dL + symptoms | Yes | Clamped for 2 h |