Table 3 Methods of administration and operation
Study | IV dosage | IA dosage | Type of operation | Surgical approach |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Jules-Elysee et al. [14] | 1 g TXA × two doses; POPO | 3 g TXA × one dose; before tourniquet release | Primary unilateral TKA | Unclear |
Laoruengthana et al. [13] | 10 mg/kg TXA × one dose; IO | 15 mg/kg TXA × one dose; before closure | Primary unilateral TKA | Medial parapatellar |
20 mg/kg TXA × one dose; PEO | 3 g TXA × one dose; after closure | Primary unilateral TKA | Medial parapatellar | |
Abdel et al. [20] | 1 g TXA × one dose; PEO | 3 g TXA × one dose; after cemented | Primary unilateral TKA | Medial parapatellar or midvastus approach |
Ahmed et al. [17] | 1.5 g TXA × one dose; PTO | 1.5 g TXA × one dose; while closure | Primary simultaneous bilateral TKA | Unclear |
López-Hualda et al. [21] | 1 g TXA × one dose; PEO | 1 g TXA × one dose; after closure | Primary unilateral TKA | Medial parapatellar |
George et al. [16] | 10 mg/kg TXA × two doses; POPO | 1.5 g TXA × one dose; before closure | Primary unilateral TKA | Medial parapatellar |
Subramanyam et al. [19] | 10 mg/kg TXA × one dose; PEO | 1.5 g TXA × one dose; after closure | Primary unilateral TKA | Medial parapatellar |
Wei et al. [18] | 10 mg/kg TXA × one dose; PEO | 1 g TXA × one dose; before tourniquet release | Primary unilateral TKA | Unclear |
Goyal et al. [36] | 1 g TXA × three doses; IO/PTO/PTO | 3 g TXA × one dose; after closure | Primary unilateral TKA | Medial parapatellar |
Lacko et al. [22] | 10 mg/kg TXA × two doses; POPO | 3 g TXA × one dose; after cemented | Primary unilateral TKA | Medial parapatellar |
Maniar et al. [33] | 10 mg/kg TXA × two doses (bilateral); IO | 3 g TXA × two doses(bilateral); after cemented | Primary simultaneous bilateral TKA | Midvastus approach |
10 mg/kg TXA × three doses; POIOPO | ||||
Prakash et al. [26] | 10 mg/kg TXA × three doses; POIOPO | 3 g TXA × one dose; before closure | Primary unilateral TKA | Medial parapatellar |
Song et al. [35] | 10 mg/kg TXA × three doses; POIOPO | 1.5 g TXA × one dose; after closure | Primary bilateral TKA | Medial parapatellar |
Stowers et al. [24] | 1 g TXA × one dose; IO | 1 g TXA × one dose; after closure | Primary unilateral TKA | Medial parapatellar |
Uğurlu et al. [34] | 20 mg/kg TXA × one dose; PEO | 3 g TXA × one dose; after closure | Primary unilateral TKA | Medial parapatellar |
1 g TXA × one dose; IO | 1 g TXA × one dose; before closure | Primary unilateral TKA | Medial parapatellar | |
Zekcer et al. [25] | 20 mg/kg TXA × one dose; unclear | 1.5 g TXA × one dose; before tourniquet release | Primary unilateral TKA | Unclear |
Aggarwal et al. [39] | 15 mg/kg TXA × two dose; IOPO | 15 mg/kg TXA × one dose; before closure | Primary simultaneous bilateral TKA | Medial parapatellar |
1.5 g TXA × one dose; IO | 1.5 g TXA × one dose; after cemented | Primary unilateral TKA | Medial parapatellar | |
Drosos et al. [38] | 1 g TXA × one dose; PEO | 1 g TXA × one dose; before closure | Primary unilateral TKA | Medial parapatellar |
Keyhani et al. [42] | 0.5 g TXA × one dose; IO | 1.5 g TXA × two doses; before/after closure | Primary unilateral TKA | Medial parapatellar |
May et al. [37] | 1 g TXA × two doses; POPO | 2 g TXA × one dose; after closure | Primary unilateral TKA | Unclear |
Pinsornsak et al. [37] | 0.75 mg TXA × one dose; IO | 0.75 mg × one dose; before tourniquet release | Primary unilateral TKA | Medial parapatellar |
Tzatzairis et al. [40] | 1 g TXA × one dose; PEO | 1 g TXA × one dose; after closure | Primary unilateral TKA | Medial parapatellar |
Aguilera et al. [43] | 1 g TXA × two doses; POIO | 1 g TXA × one dose; after cemented | Primary unilateral TKA | Medial parapatellar |
Digas et al. [44] | 15 mg/kg TXA × one dose; IO | 2 g TXA × one dose; after closure | Primary unilateral TKA | Medial parapatellar |
Öztaş et al. [45] | 15 mg/kg TXA × two doses; POPO 10 mg/kg TXA × one dose; 1-h infusion | 2 g TXA × one dose; before tourniquet release | Primary unilateral TKA | Unclear |
Gomez-Barrena et al. [46] | 15 mg/kg TXA × two doses; IOPO | 3 g TXA × one dose; before + after closure | Primary unilateral TKA | Medial parapatellar |
Patel et al. [47] | 10 mg/kg TXA × one dose; IO | 2 g TXA × one dose; before tourniquet release | Primary unilateral TKA | Medial or subvastus parapatellar |
Sarzaeem et al. [48] | 1.5 g TXA × one dose; PTO | 1.5 g TXA × one dose; after closure | Primary unilateral TKA | Subvastus approach |
3 g TXA × one dose; before closure | ||||
Soni et al. [49] | 10 mg/kg TXA × three doses; POIOPO | 3 g TXA × one dose; before tourniquet release | Primary unilateral TKA | Midvastus approach |
Seo et al. [50] | 1.5 g TXA × one dose; PTO | 1.5 g TXA × one dose; while closure | Primary unilateral TKA | Medial parapatellar |
Maniar et al. [51] | 10 mg/kg TXA × one dose; IO | 3 g TXA × one dose; before tourniquet release | Primary unilateral TKA | Midvastus approach |
10 mg/kg TXA × two doses; IOPO | ||||
10 mg/kg TXA × two doses; POIO | ||||
10 mg/kg TXA × three doses; POIOPO |