From: Augmented reality-guided periacetabular osteotomy—proof of concept
Osteotomies (PAO surgeon) | Freehand PAO [range (min., max.); ± SD] Mean distance | Augmented reality PAO [range (min., max.); ± SD] Mean distance | p value |
---|---|---|---|
Supraacetabular (saOT) | 1.2 mm [0.37, 2.74; ± 0.77] | 1.5 mm [0.08, 3.22; ± 1.01] | 0.424 |
Pubis (pOT) | 2.1 mm [0.61, 4.04; ± 1.10] | 3.5 mm [0.42, 6.51; ± 2.29] | 0.067 |
Ischium (iOT) | 2.4 mm [0.34, 12.6; ± 3.12] | 2.7 mm [0.7, 7; ± 1.67] | 0.762 |
Retroacetabular (raOT) | 2.0 mm [0, 6.4; ± 1.65] | 1.8 mm [0, 4.9; ± 1.58] | 0.688 |
Osteotomies (non-PAO surgeon) | Freehand PAO [range (min., max.); ± SD] Mean distance | Augmented reality PAO [range (min., max.); ± SD] Mean distance | p value |
Supraacetabular (saOT) | 2.4 mm [0.53, 4.74; ± 1.32] | 1.5 mm [0.00, 3.77; ± 1.56] | 0.523 |
Pubis (pOT) | 6.1 mm [2.97, 12.02; ± 2.73] | 4.5 mm [1.40, 15.05; ± 3.64] | 0.544 |
Ischium (iOT) | 3.2 mm [0.10, 10.25; ± 2.95] | 1.3 mm [0.00, 5.36; ± 1.58] | 0.030 |
Retroacetabular (raOT) | 2.6 mm [0.51, 5.02; ± 1.48] | 1.8 mm [0, 7.18; ± 1.92] | 0.812 |
Angle (PAO surgeon) | Freehand PAO [range (min., max.); ± SD] | Augmented reality PAO [range (min., max.); ± SD] | p value |
Retroacetabular angle | 11.7° [7.53, 20.55; ± 3.52] | 7.8° [4.21, 14.11; ± 2.67] | 0.0027 |
Angle (non-PAO surgeon) | Freehand PAO [range (min., max.); ± SD] | Augmented reality PAO [range (min., max.); ± SD] | p value |
Retroacetabular angle | 8.87° [3.03, 15.75; ± 3.74] | 7.23° [2.86, 13.89; ± 3.16] | 0.554 |