Efficacy of proprioceptive training on the recovery of total joint arthroplasty patients: a meta-analysis

Table 2 Subgroup analysis for the outcomes

Subgroup	Early post-operative effects				Mid-term effects
Subgroup	Trials	Sample	SMD (95% CI)	P value	Trials	Sample	SMD (95% CI)	P value
Preoperative interventions
Pain	3	158	0.20 (− 0.53, 0.92)	0.593	2	122	0.89 (− 0.86, 2.65)	0.317
ROM	1	42	− 0.18 (− 0.79, 0.42)	0.553
QoL	2	123	0.31 (− 0.50, 1.11)	0.459	2	77	1.40 (− 1.48, 4.27)	0.342
Self-reported functionality	3	158	0.19 (− 0.12,0.50)	0.236	2	122	0.86 (− 0.78, 2.50)	0.305
Balance	1	35	1.00 (0.29, 1.71)	0.006
Postoperative interventions
Pain	2	148	0.09 (− 0.23, 0.41)	0.575	2	148	0.24 (− 0.08, 0.57)	0.143
ROM
QoL
Self-reported functionality	3	176	0.61 (0.31, 0.92)	0.000	2	148	0.51 (− 0.13, 1.14)	0.116
Balance	4	213	1.02 (0.26, 1.77)	0.008	2	148	0.75 (0.41, 1.08)	0.000
Overall effects
Pain	5	306	0.18 (− 0.21, 0.58)	0.358	4	270	0.56 (− 0.25, 1.36)	0.177
ROM	1	42	− 0.18 (− 0.79, 0.42)	0.553
QoL	2	123	0.31 (− 0.50, 1.11)	0.459	2	78	1.40 (− 1.48, 4.27)	0.342
Self-reported functionality	6	334	0.38 (0.13, 0.64)	0.003	4	270	0.67 (− 0.04, 1.38)	0.066
Balance	5	248	1.02 (0.42, 1.63)	0.001	2	148	0.75 (0.41, 1.08)	0.000

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