Table 1 Details of the preoperative history of the included patients

Impingement partial tear

1

Marathon

Spontaneous

Left knee

36

Cortisone injections, physiotherapy, orthotics, radiotherapy, ESWT, NSAID

Longitudinal partial tear

18

Yes

14

2

Tennis, jogging

Cutting

No

132

ESWT, cortisone injections, physiotherapy, orthotics, radiotherapy, thermocoagulation, rest

Longitudinal partial tear

132

Yes

12

5

No

Spontaneous

Left ACL reconstruction (5 years ago), right AT rupture (12 years ago), hyperuricemia, Hashimoto thyreoiditis, blood group 0

48

N.s.

N.s.

48

Yes

N.a.

6

Ballet

Spontaneous

left hip endoprosthesis

6

N.s.

Retrocalcaneal bursitis, insertional tendinopathy

6

Yes

0

8

Tennis, jogging

Spontaneous

No

25

Cortisone injections, physiotherapy, sport reduction

N.p.

25

Yes

0

11

Fitness

Hopping

No

26

Orthotics, viscoelastic heel lift, sport reduction/rest, cortisone injections

Retrocalcaneal bursitis

6

Yes

6

12

Jogging

Spontaneous

No

30

Physiotherapy, stretching, ESWT

Retrocalcaneal bursitis

7

Yes

N.s.

13

Jogging

Spontaneous

No

96

Cortisone injections

N.p.

N.s.

Yes

0

14

Marathon

Spontaneous

No

19

N.s.

Partial tear

4

Yes

0

15

Marathon

Squash

AT rupture left side

18

Cortisone injection, ice, ESWT, physiotherapy, cream

N.s.

12

Yes

No

18

Marathon

Spontaneous

Surgery for left RB 3 weeks later

15

Orthotics, physiotherapy, reduced running, massage, heel lift, cortisone injections

N.p.

15

No

0

20

Squash

Spontaneous

No

180

Orthotics, physiotherapy, reduced sport, cortisone injections

N.p.

180

No

0

21

Jogging

Spontaneous

Achilles tendinopathy contralateral side

24

N.s.

N.p.

24

Yes

N.s.

23

Tennis, jogging

Spontaneous

RB contralateral side

24

Cortisone injections, ESWT

N.p.

24

Yes

6

25

Jogging

Running

No

6

Cortisone injections, ESWT

Partial tear

6

Yes

6

27

Dancing

Spontaneous

No

96

N.s.

Partial tear

N.s.

Yes

N.s.

28

400 m hurdles

Spontaneous

No

17

ESWT, physiotherapy, ozone therapy

Partial tear

0

No

No

30

Marathon

Spontaneous

No

24

Cortisone injections

N.p.

24

N.s.

N.s.

31

Tennis, jogging

Spontaneous

Osteochondral lesion med. talus

25

ESWT, acupuncture

Retrocalcaneal bursitis

25

No

No

33

Marathon

Spontaneous

AT right side

60

Physiotherapy, laser, acupuncture, Orthotics, ESWT, cortisone injection

N.p.

N.s.

Yes

No

34

Ju-Jutsu

Spontaneous

AT partial tear left (27 years), right (7 years) ago, conservative

36

Physiotherapy, cortisone injections

Retrocalcaneal bursitis

36

Yes

N.s.

Mean

44.9

32.9

4

SD

43.8

45.8

5.0

Median

25

21

0

Maximum

180

180

14

Minimum

6

0

0

Midportion partial tear

1

Volleyball

Domestic fall

No

11

Physiotherapy

Longitudinal partial tear

6

Yes

N.a.

2

Jogging

Spontaneous

CAI

96

Physiotherapy, stretching, rest, ESWT, orthotics

Partial tear posterior column

3

Yes

3

3

Marathon

Spontaneous

Ipsilat. peroneus lg. tendon surgery 12 years ago, ipsilat AT partial tear 11 years ago

5

N.s.

Partial tear posterior column

10

No

No

6

Jogging

Spontaneous

No

5

NSAID, radiation, physiotherapy

Longitudinal partial tear

4

Yes

N.s.

7

Marathon

Spontaneous

M. Meulengracht

132

Injection (substance n.s.)

Partial tear

1

Yes

11

8

Tennis

3 tear-like events

No

12

Physiotherapy, radiotherapy, training reduction, orthotics, ESWT, eccentrics

N.p.

12

Yes

6

9

No

2 tear-like events (6 and 0.5 months ago)

Pheochromocytoma, Hypercholesterolemia, Hypertriglyceridemia, PCL rupture contralateral

18

ESWT, acupuncture, 3 cortisone injections, stretching, orthotics, chiropractic

Partial tear anterior

0

Yes

N.s.

10

Football (professional)

Tear-like event (2 months ago) during football practise

No

2

Physiotherapy, cortisone injection, eccentrics

‘Small’ partial tear

2

No

2

11

Basketball

Step over a kubstone

No

36

Injection (substance n.s.)

Partial tear posterior column

0

Yes

12

12

Football

Spontaneous

No

120

Injection (substance n.s.)

Cystic posteromedial column

6

Yes

6

14

Triathlon

Tear-like event (3 months ago) during running

No

120

Rest, physiotherapy

Partial tear medial column

N.s.

Yes

3

15

Marathon

Tear-like event (5 months. ago) during running

S1 lesion (26% isokinetic calf muscle deficit)

98

Load reduction, glucose injections, orthotics, physiotherapy, eccentrics, ESWT, ice

N.p.

0,5

Yes

4,5

16

Marathon

Spontaneous

Medial Gonarthrosis and posterior instability opposite side, giant cell tumour cuboid

60

Eccentrics

N.p.

N.s.

Yes

3

18

Tennis

Spontaneous

M. Meulengracht

15

Load reduction

N.p.

11

Yes

15

19

Tennis

Spontaneous

No

9

ESWT, eccentrics, physiotherapy, orthotics

N.p.

9

Yes

9

20

Football

Spontaneous

No

15

Cortisone injections, physiotherapy

Partial tear dorsal column central

15

Yes

5

Mean

47.1

5.7

6.6

SD

47.2

4.8

4.0

Median

16.5

5

5.5

Maximum

132

15

15

Minimum

2

0

2

0.203

0.001

0.078