Table 1 Inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria

Typical signs and symptoms of spinal cord compression, combined with corresponding MRI findings.

previous history of cervical surgery, clear history of trauma, spinal tumor, infection, ankylosing spondylitis, congenital deformity.

The patients treated with ACDF in our hospital, with complete data and clear anatomical markers in X-ray image.

incomplete clinical and imaging data

Follow-up time more than 1 year

no imaging data of postoperative follow-up.