Table 1 Patients’ characteristics

Age (years)

60.6 ± 9.4

58.4 ± 8.8

61.8 ± 9.6

0.146

BMI (kg/m²)

26.6 ± 3.1

26.5 ± 2.1

26.7 ± 3.5

0.713

Number of operation segment

1.6 ± 0.7

1.7 ± 0.8

1.5 ± 0.6

0.662

Operation time (min)

126.9 ± 30.4

132.1 ± 31.6

123.8 ± 29.6

0.278

Blood loss (ml)

318.7 ± 131.8

326.9 ± 143.0

313.7 ± 126.0

0.853

Hospital stay (day)

6.7 ± 1.1

6.5 ± 1.2

6.8 ± 1.1

0.279

MF tCSA (mm²)

949.4 ± 199.8

1049.2 ± 225.3

889.0 ± 156.0

0.001**

ES tCSA (mm²)

1593.6 ± 361.5

1836.5 ± 341.2

1446.7 ± 289.3

< 0.001**

MF fCSA (mm²)

609.4 ± 183.8

718.7 ± 207.5

543.3 ± 131.1

< 0.001**

MF FI (%)

36.0 ± 11.4

31.6 ± 11.5

38.6 ± 10.5

0.011*

ES fCSA (mm²)

1082.1 ± 321.3

1331.5 ± 294.4

931.4 ± 231.9

< 0.001**

ES FI (%)

32.5 ± 9.9

27.7 ± 7.4

35.4 ± 10.1

0.001**

Pre-operation ODI

55.5 ± 12.5

51.9 ± 14.2

57.7 ± 11.0

0.061

Post-operation ODI

26.7 ± 7.0

24.7 ± 6.4

28.0 ± 7.1

0.055

Change of ODI (%)

51.2 ± 9.6

51.3 ± 9.9

51.1 ± 9.5

0.922