Table 3 The significance test of different parameters on double-contour sign in gout patients
From: Risk factors for the formation of double-contour sign and tophi in gout
Parameters | Groups | Without double-contour sign | With double-contour sign | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age* | 37.510 ± 11.709 | 42.640 ± 11.694 | 0.020 | |
BUN (mmol/L) | 5.094 ± 1.461 | 5.368 ± 1.719 | 0.458 | |
CREA (μmol/L) | 75.672 ± 17.683 | 78.345 ± 19.149 | 0.429 | |
UA (μmol/L)* | 443.640 ± 114.603 | 518.120 ± 131.620 | 0.002 | |
TC (mmol/L) | 4.781 ± 1.178 | 4.823 ± 1.450 | 0.646 | |
TG (mmol/L) | 2.049 ± 1.401 | 2.179 ± 1.644 | 0.916 | |
FBG (mmol/L) | 5.217 ± 0.708 | 5.315 ± 1.004 | 0.511 | |
Sex | Female | 3 | 0 | 0.180 |
Male | 50 | 64 | ||
BMI | Normal | 7 | 11 | 0.598 |
Overweight | 22 | 21 | ||
Obesity | 24 | 32 | ||
Duration | ≤ 1 year | 23 | 4 | < 0.001 |
1–5 years | 21 | 35 | ||
≥ 5 years | 9 | 25 | ||
Gout attack in 1 year | 0–2 times | 29 | 13 | < 0.001 |
3–6 times | 20 | 27 | ||
7–12 times | 4 | 24 | ||
Peak blood UA | 421–539 | 19 | 5 | < 0.001 |
≥ 540 | 34 | 59 | ||
UA level | ≤ 421 | 13 | 3 | < 0.001 |
421–539 | 20 | 15 | ||
≥ 540 | 20 | 46 | ||
Frequency of UA or renal function examination | Regularly checked | 13 | 5 | 0.053 |
Occasionally checked | 18 | 26 | ||
Check only when gout attacks | 22 | 31 | ||
Eating habits | Strict diet | 14 | 17 | 0.967 |
Avoid the high purine diet as much as possible, but not strictly controlled | 23 | 29 | ||
No control over diet | 16 | 18 | ||
Medication during the interval | Insist on taking | 15 | 5 | 0.009 |
Without medications | 29 | 41 | ||
Occasional medications | 8 | 17 | ||
Hypertensive | No | 43 | 45 | 0.177 |
Yes | 10 | 19 | ||
CHD | No | 52 | 60 | 0.482 |
Yes | 1 | 4 | ||
Diabetes | No | 51 | 62 | 1.000 |
Yes | 2 | 2 | ||
CKD | No | 49 | 63 | 0.257 |
Yes | 4 | 1 | ||
Other diseases | No | 34 | 38 | 0.597 |
Yes | 19 | 26 | ||
Hyperlipidemia | No | 48 | 61 | 0.519 |
Yes | 5 | 3 | ||
Kidney stones | Yes | 14 | 11 | 0.277 |
No | 29 | 38 | ||
Tophi | Yes | 10 | 16 | 0.086 |
No | 19 | 12 | ||
Ever done a joint US | Done | 9 | 3 | 0.029 |
Never done | 43 | 60 | ||
Whether there is a long-term treatment plan for gout | Yes | 21 | 15 | 0.059 |
No | 32 | 49 | ||
Understand gout | Understand | 13 | 11 | 0.516 |
A little | 27 | 34 | ||
Not understand | 12 | 19 | ||
Knowledge of high purine food | Fully understand | 18 | 14 | 0.334 |
A little | 24 | 34 | ||
Unknown | 10 | 15 | ||