Fig. 4From: Novel implant design of the proximal interphalangeal joint using an optimized rolling contact joint mechanismConstraints of the optimization algorithm around the position of the rolling contact surface (RCS). Notations are as follows: rp and rm, the radii of RCSs in the proximal phalangeal component (PPC) and middle phalangeal component (MPC), respectively; rpe and rme, the radii of dorsal circles in PPC and MPC heads, respectively; (xI, yI), the position vector of the dorsal infliction point of the proximal phalangeal head; (xV, yV), the position vector of the volar vertex of the proximal phalangeal head; (xve, yve), the position vector of the volar end point of RCS; (xde, yde), the position vector of the dorsal end point of RCS. (xpe, ype) and (xme, yme), the position vectors of the dorsal circles in the PPC and MPC heads, respectively; θd and θv, the angles in counter–clockwise direction between the tangential lines (orange dotted lines) of the dorsal and volar end points of RCS and the x axis, respectivelyBack to article page