Table 2 Characteristics of the included studies
Study, year | No. ACB + LIA/ACB | Male patients (ACB + LIA/ACB) | Age (yr),mean (ACB + LIA/ACB) | Anesthesia | ACB group | ACB + LIA group |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sankineani et al 2018 | 60/60 | 38/42 | 60/61 | Spinal | Total of 0.2% ropivacaine 20 ml | Intraoperative LIA with 15 ml of 0.2% ropivacaine in addition to ACB. |
Sankineani et al 2017 | 100/100 | 80/70 | 65/67 | Spinal | Total of 20 ml of 0.2% ropivacaine | Intraoperative LIA with 60 ml saline solution containing 30 ml of 0.2% ropivacaine, 40 mg ketorolac, 0.5 ml of adrenaline, 4 mg of morphine sulfate in addition to ACB. |
Gwam et al 2016 | 75/52 | 22/19 | 63/63 | Spinal | Total of 5-10 ml 0.2 to 0.75% ropivacaine | Intraoperative LIA with 50 ml saline solution containing 30 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine, with 1:200,000 parts epinephrine, 8 mg of dexamethasone, 2 mg of morphine, and 30 mg of ketorolac in addition to ACB |
Zhou et al 2017 | 20/20 | 6/7 | 66.4 ± 5.8 /67.1 ± 10.2 | general anesthesia | Total of 30 ml of 0.375% ropivacaine with 5 μg/ml epinephrine | Intraoperative LIA with 100 ml ropivacaine 2 mg/ml with epinephrine 0.5 ml 1 mg/ml in addition to ACB. |
Sawhney et al 2016 | 50/46 | 21/20 | 68.3 ± 9.7/ 66.4 (±9.6) | Spinal | Total of 30 mL of 0.5% ropivacaine | Intraoperative LIA with 110-mL normal saline solution containing 300 mg ropivacaine, 10 mg morphine, and 30 mg ketorolac in addition to ACB. |
Kampitak et al 2018 | 30/30 | 4/3 | 69.1 ± 5.36 /72.37 ± 8.02 | Spinal | total of 0.5% levobupivacaine 20 mL | Intraoperative LIA with 0.5% levobupivacaine 20 mL, morphine 5 mg, adrenaline 0.3 mg in saline solution in a total volume of 100 mL in addition to ACB. |