Reliability and validity of the Spinal Appearance Questionnaire (SAQ) and the Trunk Appearance Perception Scale (TAPS)

Table 3 Correlations for convergent, divergent, and concurrent validity

	SAQ Appearance	SAQ Expectations	SAQ total score	TAPS	N
SRS 22-r
- Overall mean	− 0.49**	− 0.40**	− 0.53**	0.48**	255
- Function	− 0.40**	− 0.20**	− 0.37**	0.40**	255
- Pain	− 0.37**	− 0.24**	− 0.37**	0.36**	255
- Self-image	− 0.53**	− 0.49**	− 0.60**	0.50**	255
- Mental health	− 0.28**	− 0.31**	− 0.34**	0.27**	255
- Satisfaction	− 0.25**	− 0.28**	− 0.31**	0.26**	255
Job-related worries	0.33**	0.31**	0.38**	− 0.33**	255
Social life-related worries	0.26**	0.38**	0.36**	− 0.27**	255
Overall stress	0.51**	0.52**	0.60**	− 0.51**	255
VAS (pain)	0.36**	0.27**	0.38**	− 0.33**	255
Cobb angle	0.55**	0.10	0.44**	− 0.51**	255
BMI	0.41**	0.11	0.34**	− 0.35**	253
PANAS (mood)	0.27**	0.24**	0.30**	− 0.26**	255
PHQ-9 (depression)	0.31**	0.30**	0.35**	− 0.26**	255
FKS (body dysmorphic disorder)	0.26**	0.32**	0.33**	− 0.24**	255
WHO-5 (well-being)	− 0.38**	− 0.24**	− 0.38**	0.33**	133
PTQ (negative thinking)	0.08	0.21**	0.16*	− 0.10	255
BFI-S (neuroticism)	0.16**	0.20**	0.21**	− 0.12*	255

Convergent validation = SRS-22r, job-related worries, social life-related worries, overall stress, VAS, Cobb angle
Divergent validation = BMI
Concurrent validation = PANAS, PHQ-9, FKS, WHO-5, PTQ, BFI-S
*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01

ISSN: 1749-799X