From: Training with Hybrid Assistive Limb for walking function after total knee arthroplasty
Response | Â | HAL group | Control group | Â | Â | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Visit | Mean ± SD |  | Mean ± SD |  | P value | ||
Knee ROM (degree) | |||||||
 Passive extension | Pre | − 4.0 ± 8.4 | (n = 10) | − 6.4 ± 5.0 | (n = 11) | 0.440 |  |
Week 1 | − 5.0 ± 3.3 | (n = 10) | − 8.6 ± 6.4 | (n = 11) | 0.117 |  | |
Week 2 | − 3.0 ± 4.2 | (n = 10) | − 7.7 ± 5.2 | (n = 11) | 0.034 | * | |
Week 3 | − 2.0 ± 3.5 | (n = 10) | − 5.9 ± 4.9 | (n = 11) | 0.051 |  | |
Week 4 | − 0.5 ± 1.6 | (n = 10) | -5.5 ± 4.7 | (n = 11) | 0.006 | ** | |
Week 8 | − 0.8 ± 2.0 | (n = 6) | -4.2 ± 3.8 | (n = 6) | 0.086 |  | |
 Active extension | Pre | − 7.0 ± 5.4 | (n = 10) | − 6.8 ± 5.6 | (n = 11) | 0.940 |  |
Week 1 | − 10.5 ± 7.6 | (n = 10) | − 13.2 ± 7.2 | (n = 11) | 0.416 |  | |
Week 2 | −5.0 ± 5.3 | (n = 10) | − 12.3 ± 5.2 | (n = 11) | 0.005 | ** | |
Week 3 | − 4.0 ± 3.9 | (n = 10) | − 7.7 ± 4.1 | (n = 11) | 0.048 | * | |
Week 4 | − 3.5 ± 4.1 | (n = 10) | -6.4 ± 6.0 | (n = 11) | 0.220 |  | |
Week 8 | − 2.5 ± 2.7 | (n = 6) | -5.8 ± 3.8 | (n = 6) | 0.110 |  | |
 Passive flexion | Pre | 126.0 ± 20.2 | (n = 10) | 119.1 ± 18.4 | (n = 11) |  |  |
Week 1 | 95.3 ± 16.9 | (n = 10) | 95.5 ± 7.6 | (n = 11) |  |  | |
Week 2 | 103.5 ± 11.1 | (n = 10) | 102.7 ± 8.8 | (n = 11) |  |  | |
Week 3 | 109.5 ± 9.8 | (n = 10) | 108.2 ± 9.3 | (n = 11) |  |  | |
Week 4 | 115.8 ± 9.2 | (n = 10) | 110.9 ± 10.9 | (n = 11) |  |  | |
Week 8 | 122.5 ± 11.7 | (n = 6) | 117.8 ± 11.4 | (n = 6) |  |  | |
 Active flexion | Pre | 123.0 ± 22.4 | (n = 10) | 115.0 ± 17.0 | (n = 11) |  |  |
Week 1 | 85.5 ± 25.1 | (n = 10) | 85.0 ± 12.2 | (n = 11) |  |  | |
Week 2 | 96.0 ± 14.3 | (n = 10) | 94.1 ± 10.9 | (n = 11) |  |  | |
Week 3 | 100.0 ± 21.6 | (n = 10) | 99.5 ± 13.5 | (n = 11) |  |  | |
Week 4 | 108.0 ± 15.1 | (n = 10) | 104.1 ± 13.0 | (n = 11) |  |  | |
Week 8 | 115.8 ± 13.6 | (n = 6) | 109.2 ± 11.6 | (n = 6) |  |  |