Table 2 The general characteristic of the included studies
Author | Intervention | Controls | Post op protocol | Complications |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Ducic 2016 [6] | Two crossed K-wires | ns | K-wires and the cast were removed three to 4 weeks after the procedure | Vascular and neurovascular complications |
Kaewpornsawan 2001 [11] | Three pins were inserted laterally by two pins in the upward direction, percutaneously after carefully protecting the ulnar nerve. | Two pins were inserted into upward from the lateral side and one pin downward from the lateral side but the pin did not protrude into the medial condyle | After 4 weeks in a plaster cast, the cast and pins were removed. Bothe groups received same advice concerning a program of physical therapy at home. | Ipsilateral forearm fracture, vascular injury, compartment syndrome, and abnormal growth and development |
Kazimoglu 2009 [7] | Eleven patients had been treated with two lateral, 11 patients with one lateral and one medial, and 15 patients with two lateral and one medial K-wires. | Two pins were inserted into upward from the lateral side and one pin downward from the lateral side but the pin did not protrude into the medial condyle | With maximum flexion of 90° | Infection, nerve injury and compartment syndrome |
Keskin 2014 [12] | Two Kirschner wires (1.5 mm or 2.0 mm) were placed traversing each other, one from medial and one from lateral aspect for percutaneous fixing while the elbow was locked in full flexion | If the patients having sufficient fracture healing, Kirschner wires were removed without giving anesthesia on an average of 3 weeks after the operation, and active and passive motion of the elbow were allowed | Active elbow range of motion rehabilitation program was encouraged in the fourth week under the supervision of a physical therapist | Vascular and nerve damages, cubitus varus, surgical site and pin tract infection, and other complications |
Lu 2011 [13] | Two Kirschner wires (1.5 mm) were placed traversing each other, one from medial and one from lateral aspect for percutaneous fixing while the elbow was locked in full flexion. | ns | The triangle towel suspends the elbow at 90° | ns |
Ozkoc 2004 [13] | ns | ns | After the operation three to 4 weeks of dorsal long arm splint at 90° | Compartment syndrome, infection, nerve injuries |