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Table 3 Procedure time required for fixation of 10 pedicle screws for each model

From: Use of a life-size three-dimensional-printed spine model for pedicle screw instrumentation training

No.

Resident 1

Resident 2

1

51.19

44.48

2

51.21

39.13

3

43.26

37.36

4

42.50

41.14

5

40.38

35.28

6

35.06

34.49

7

36.18

31.44

8

42.53

36.21

9

35.11

34.52

10

35.41

33.06

  1. Numbers presented as minutes
  2. No. numbers of the real-sized 3D-printed spinal models