Table 3 Pros and cons of invasive versus non-invasive animal models of OA
From: Animal models of osteoarthritis: classification, update, and measurement of outcomes
| Â | Induced/invasive | Non-invasive |
|---|---|---|
Similar pros | Rapid induction (except CACTC) | |
| Â | Easily reproducible | |
Individual Pros | Materials readily available | Minimal infection risk |
| Â | Multiple studies in the literature present | Used to study early changes and the effects of early therapeutic intervention |
Cons | Possibility of infection | Equipment not universally available |
| Â | Relies on expertise of surgeon | Relies on proficiency of technician/investigator |
Induction too rapid to study early changes or early drug therapy | Minimal literature on application | |