From: Lumbosacral pedicle screw placement using a fluoroscopic pedicle axis view and a cannulated tapping device
Screw placement
No. of screws (%)
Adequate insertion
817 (95.7)
Misplacement
37 (4.3)
 Minor (cortical perforation <3 mm)
28 (3.3)
 Moderate (cortical perforation 3–6 mm)
7 (0.8)
 Severe (cortical perforation >6 mm)
2 (0.2)