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Table 4 Evaluations of diagnostic clinical tests

From: The diagnostic value of the combination of patient characteristics, history, and clinical shoulder tests for the diagnosis of rotator cuff tear

Ā 

Sensitivity

Specificity

PPV

NPV

LR (+)

LR (āˆ’)

Overall accuracy

Empty can

68.4

56.6

49.1

74.5

1.57

0.56

75.0

Neer

63.2

82.3

68.6

78.5

3.56

0.45

61.0

Hawkins-Kennedy

52.6

77.4

58.8

72.7

2.33

0.61

68.0

Drop arm

5.3

100.0

100.0

63.3

āˆž

0.94

64.0

Lift-off test

13.2

100.0

100.0

65.3

āˆž

0.87

67.0

Painful arc

39.5

83.9

60.0

69.3

2.44

0.72

67.0

ERLS

13.2

98.4

83.3

64.9

8.2

0.88

66.0

Drop sign

5.3

100

100

63.3

āˆž

0.94

64.0

ISMST

15.8

98.4

85.7

65.6

9.78

0.86

67.0

  1. Values represent percentages (%). PPV positive predictive value, NPV negative predictive value, LRā€‰+ā€‰likelihood ratio for positive test, LRāˆ’: likelihood ratio (for negative test), ERLS external rotation lag sign, ISMST infraspinatus muscle strength test. āˆžā€‰=ā€‰infinity.