Minimally invasive lateral lumbar interbody fusion with direct psoas visualization

Table 2 Complications in 34 cases treated with DV-LLIF or S-LLIF

Complication data	DV-LLIFn = 19	S-LLIFn = 15	P value
Patients with any complication, n (%)	15 (79)	12 (80)	0.64^a
Complications per patient, median (IQR)	1.0 (0.5–1.5)	1.0 (1.0–2.0)	0.25^b
Severity, n
Mild	19	11
Moderate	9	5
Severe	1	4	0.10^a,c

^aFisher's exact test; ^bMann-Whitney U test; ^cP value calculated for severe complications. IQR interquartile range.

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