Table 1 Comparison of baseline characteristics between the non-POD and POD groups

Age, y (Mean SD)

79.68 ± 9.88

82.24 ± 8.57

< 0.05

Female, n(%)

105(48.2)

40(53.3)

0.440

Male, n(%)

113(51.8)

35(46.7)

0.440

BMI ≥ 24 kg/m, n(%)

21(9.63)

5(6.67)

0.436

Current smoking, n(%)

54(24.8)

20(26.7)

0.744

Degree of education

0.346

Illiteracy

157(72.0)

49(65.3)

Primary school

46(21.1)

22(29.3)

Other

15(6.9)

4(5.4)

Hypertension, n(%)

127(58.3)

45(60.0)

0.791

Diabetes, n(%)

70(32.1)

35(46.7)

< 0.05

ASA grading

0.820

II

215(98.7)

73(97.3)

III

3(1.3)

2(2.7)

Surgery duration (mean SD), min

54.62 ± 17.21

56.24 ± 17.75

0.486

Blood loss (mean SD), ml

109.76 ± 20.60

111.36 ± 17.35

0.547

Postoperative analgesic pump use

142(65.1%)

50(66.6%)

0.810

Neutrophil count (×10⁹/L), (Mean SD)

4.63 ± 2.38

5.16 ± 1.99

0.082

Lymphocyte count (× 10⁹/L), (Mean SD)

1.41 ± 0.50

1.27 ± 0.39

< 0.05

Platelet count (× 10⁹/L), (Mean SD)

159.39 ± 58.82

175.50 ± 65.08

0.069

SII (10⁹/L)

628.86 ± 616.81

788.39 ± 528.49

< 0.05

CRP (mg/L), (Mean SD)

21.29 ± 12.23

24.58 ± 11.96

< 0.05

Hemoglobin(g/dl)

101.56 ± 16.61

101.17 ± 17.76

0.868

Total albumin(g/L)

35.29 ± 3.65

34.04 ± 4.51

< 0.05