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Table 3 Comparisons of preoperative and postoperative radiographic measurements and HRQOL outcomes between Groups A and B and between Groups B and C

From: Sagittal imbalance syndrome, a new concept, helps determining a long fusion for patients with degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis and severe global sagittal imbalance

Variables

Group A (n = 18)

Group B (n = 20)

Group C (n = 30)

P value

PAB

PBC

Thoracic kyphosis (°)

Preoperatively

10.7 ± 5.4

12.4 ± 6.3

30.8 ± 5.4

0.515

 < 0.001

At the latest follow-up

22.0 ± 7.6

15.8 ± 5.0

32.5 ± 3.7

0.022

0.003

P value

0.033

0.319

0.446

–

–

Thoracolumbar kyphosis (°)

Preoperatively

19.3 ± 6.5

17.7 ± 9.0

11.8 ± 4.1

0.391

0.060

At the latest follow-up

4.7 ± 3.6

12.9 ± 7.8

5.0 ± 4.4

 < 0.001

0.014

P value

0.010

0.209

0.366

–

–

Lumbar lordosis (°)

Preoperatively

5.8 ± 9.2

5.2 ± 7.4

20.5 ± 6.9

0.524

0.001

At the latest follow-up

41.5 ± 8.3

39.0 ± 6.8

40 ± 5.2

0.512

0.660

P value

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

0.001

–

–

Pelvic incidence (°)

Preoperatively

47.7 ± 4.1

49.2 ± 5.7

49.4 ± 6.2

0.483

0.499

At the latest follow-up

51.2 ± 6.3

50.4 ± 5.2

47.7 ± 4.5

0.491

0.605

P value

0.102

0.283

0.329

–

–

Pelvic tilt (°)

Preoperatively

29.5 ± 5.7

29.2 ± 6.5

15.3 ± 5.3

0.601

0.001

At the latest follow-up

20.6 ± 6.9

23.1 ± 7.3

9.8 ± 7.2

0.272

 < 0.001

P value

0.044

0.103

0.112

–

 

Sacral slope (°)

Preoperatively

17.4 ± 7.1

19.3 ± 3.7

34.9 ± 7.5

0.366

0.021

At the latest follow-up

31.3 ± 8.9

28.6 ± 5.5

40.8 ± 6.2

0.280

0.098

P value

0.009

0.030

0.443

–

 

Pelvic incidence–lumbar lordosis (°)

Preoperatively

41.5 ± 6.3

42.4 ± 6.0

27.2 ± 6.4

0.407

 < 0.001

At the latest follow-up

8.5 ± 5.2

19.8 ± 5.5

7.3 ± 4.8

0.001

0.002

P value

 < 0.001

0.001

0.014

–

–

Sagittal vertical axis (mm)

Preoperatively

125.3 ± 16.1

120.7 ± 24.4

108.2 ± 18.5

0.529

0.106

At the latest follow-up

32.7 ± 7.2

93.5 ± 24.0

31.5 ± 9.3

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

P value

 < 0.001

0.077

 < 0.001

–

–

T1 Pelvic angle (°)

Preoperatively

30.2 ± 3.1

29.0 ± 4.7

27.6 ± 2.1

0.614

0.422

At the latest follow-up

16.7 ± 4.4

22.3 ± 5.3

16.0 ± 3.3

0.191

0.184

P value

0.036

0.113

0.074

–

–

Visual analogue scale (point)

Preoperatively

6.9 ± 0.5

6.5 ± 0.7

4.2 ± 0.4

0.701

0.026

At the latest follow-up

2.4 ± 0.8

3.8 ± 0.5

1.3 ± 0.5

0.101

0.003

P value

0.009

0.084

 < 0.001

–

–

Oswestry disability index (%)

Preoperatively

59.5 ± 7.0

56.3 ± 5.6

28.1 ± 4.6

0.214

 < 0.001

At the latest follow-up

28.7 ± 6.4

40.3 ± 10.8

22.4 ± 6.5

0.011

 < 0.001

P value

 < 0.001

0.057

0.168

–

–

  1. Group A includes the patients with DLSS and sagittal imbalance syndrome who underwent a thoracolumbar fusion including lumbar decompression and global sagittal restoration, Group B includes the patients with DLSS and sagittal imbalance syndrome who underwent lumbar decompression and fusion, Group C includes patients with DLSS and severe sagittal deformity without sagittal imbalance syndrome who underwent lumbar decompression and fusion
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Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research

ISSN: 1749-799X