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Table 2 Distal femoral torsion (DFT) for ACL + ALL injury, ACL injury and ACL intact group measured by S-PCA

From: Increased knee torsional misalignment associated with femoral torsion is related to non-contact anterior cruciate ligament injury: a case–control study

Measurement parameter

ACL injury group

ACL + ALL injury group

ACL + ALL injury group and ACL injury group

Control group

TT-TG (mm)

11.6 ± 3.4

11.9 ± 2.7

*(n.s.)

11.8 ± 3.1

9.1 ± 2.4

*(p < 0.001)

#(p < 0.001)

§(p < 0.001)

DFT (degree)

7.7 ± 3.5

7.7 ± 3.5

*(n.s.)

7.7 ± 3.5

6.3 ± 2.7

*(p = 0.005)

#(p = 0.009)

§(p = 0.001)

PFCT (degree)

3.3 ± 1.3

3.8 ± 1.2

*(n.s.)

3.6 ± 1.3

2.8 ± 1.3

*(p = 0.014)

#(p < 0.001)

§(p < 0.001)

PTT (degree)

12.6 ± 4.5

11.4 ± 4.6

*(n.s.)

12.1 ± 4.6

12.1 ± 4.4

*( n.s.)

#( n.s.)

§(n.s.)

  1. Bold values indicate statistical significance
  2. *Different from ACL injury group; # different from ACL + ALL injury group; § different from ACL + ALL injury group and ACL injury group
  3. ACL anterior cruciate ligament, ALL anterolateral ligament, TT-TG tibial tubercle to trochlear groove distance, DFT distal femoral torsion, PFCT posterior femoral condylar torsion, PTT proximal tibial torsion