From: Intraoperative capsule protection can reduce the potential risk of adjacent segment degeneration acceleration biomechanically: an in silico study
Intact capsule
Slight capsule injury
Severe capsule injury
Flexion
0.943
0.972
1.046
Extension
0.646
0.727
0.927
Left bending
1.024
1.034
1.053
Right bending
1.022
1.033
1.052
Left rotation
0.398
0.405
0.423
Right rotation
0.403
0.411
0.416