Table 2 The demographic, clinical characteristics, and therapeutic outcomes of patients
Parameters | CS (n = 8) | Non-CS (IIS, n = 15) | All (n = 23) | P valuea |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Sex, male | 5 (62.50%) | 6 (40%) | 11 (47.83%) | 0.400 |
Age at 1st cast, year | 3.06 ± 1.47 (1.25–5.92) | 3.36 ± 1.07 (1.33–5.50) | 3.25 ± 1.20 (1.25–5.92) | 0.316 |
Scoliosis side | 0.657 | |||
Left | 3 (37.50%) | 4 (26.67%) | 7 (30.43%) | |
Right | 5 (62.50%) | 11 (73.33%) | 16 (69.57%) | |
Follow-up, month | 21.13 ± 11.17 (13–47, median 18.5) | 25.40 ± 12.96 (14.00–54.00, median 20) | 23.91 ± 12.28 (13–54, median 19) | 0.382 |
Number of casting | 5.38 ± 1.06 (4–7) | 5.87 ± 1.25 (4.00–8.00) | 5.70 ± 1.18 (4–8) | 0.404 |
Time in cast, month | 15.63 ± 3.62 (12–22, median 14) | 18.00 ± 3.05 (14.00–24.00, median 17) | 17.17 ± 3.38 (12–24, median 17) | 0.086 |
Cobb angle | ||||
Precast | 58.54 ± 17.55 (35.7–88.1) | 48.97 ± 13.98 (35.20–87.20) | 52.30 ± 15.62 (35.2–88.1) | 0.175 |
After the 1st cast | 46.94 ± 15.75 (23.8–65.6)* | 26.25 ± 11.95 (13.90–59.60)* | 33.45 ± 16.47 (13.9–65.6)* | 0.004 |
The latest follow-up | 48.51 ± 14.80 (25.7–64.6)* | 27.49 ± 16.86 (4.00–66.20)* | 34.80 ± 18.85 (4–66.2)* | 0.010 |
bCorrection rate—Cobb angle, % | ||||
After the 1st cast | 20.52 ± 9.30 (6.83–34.62) | 47.53 ± 13.40 (20.17–66.82) | 38.14 ± 17.74 (6.83–66.82) | <0.001 |
The latest follow-up | 17.09 ± 9.21 (5.44–28.01) | 46.39 ± 21.38 (2.65–90.59) | 36.20 ± 22.84 (2.65–90.59) | 0.002 |
Thoracic kyphosis angle | ||||
Precast | 38.88 ± 13.88 (21.3–61.3) | 30.20 ± 7.85 (19.30–46.00) | 33.22 ± 10.88 (19.3–61.3) | 0.121 |
After the 1st cast | 34.23 ± 12.80 (17.5–60) | 24.79 ± 10.05 (11.00–50.20)* | 28.07 ± 11.73 (11–60) | 0.071 |
The latest follow-up | 36.21 ± 9.55 (23.7–48.6) | 29.71 ± 6.18 (18.60–39.80)∆ | 31.97 ± 7.96 (18.6–48.6) | 0.121 |
Lumbar lordosis angle | ||||
Precast | 48.04 ± 15.44 (28–68.8) | 32.61 ± 11.96 (15.00–53.50) | 37.98 ± 14.95 (15–68.8) | 0.033 |
After the 1st cast | 35.08 ± 13.50 (22.03–56.5) | 27.74 ± 11.71 (12.70–58.60) | 30.29 ± 12.57 (12.7–58.6)* | 0.197 |
The latest follow-up | 41.19 ± 10.54 (26.6–58.2) | 34.83 ± 8.65 (20.70–49.20) | 37.04 ± 9.62 (20.7–58.2)∆ | 0.129 |
Thoracic spine growth rate, cm/year | 0.72 ± 0.20 (0.46–1) | 1.42 ± 0.22 (0.98–1.80) | 1.18 ± 0.40 (0.46–1.8) | <0.001 |
Outcome at the latest follow-up | 0.168 | |||
Cast | 7 (75.00%) | 7 (46.67%) | 12 (52.17%) | |
Brace | 1 (12.50%) | 7 (46.67%) | 8 (34.78%) | |
Surgery | 1 (12.50%) | 1 (6.67%) | 3 (13.04%) | |