From: Animal models of osteoarthritis: classification, update, and measurement of outcomes
Model | Usefulness and advantages | Disadvantages |
---|---|---|
IATPF | Reproduces PTOA from high energy impact | Not useful for chronic injuries |
 | Used to study early OA changes after acute injuries or fractures | Not useful for low energy impact |
 | Severity of lesions can be adjusted |  |
CACTC | Reproduces chronic joint overuse | Not useful for acute injuries |
 | Used to study early OA changes after chronic overuse injury | Several cycles and weeks needed to cause severe changes |
Tibial compression overload | Reproduces PTOA from low energy impact | Not useful for long-term studies |
 | Used to study severe early OA changes after acute injuries | Cannot use contralateral limb as control in long-term studies |
 | One single load needed |  |
Transarticular Impact | Reproduces PTOA | Cannot use contralateral limb as control in long-term studies |
 | Severity can be adjusted |  |
 | Potential to study surgical knee replacement |  |
 | Readily available non-invasive studies |  |