Table 3 Literature review of case series (with a minimum of 5 patients) regarding the management of GCT of distal radius.

Salenius et al [12]

6

Resection arthroplasty

Chondrosarcoma (1),

GCT(3),

Haemangioma(2)

Screws(3), Plate (3)

NA

None

0/6

5(2-12)

All good

< 20% decrease

Sufficient for manual work at 6 months

None

Murray et al [9]

18

Arthroplasty(3), Arthrodesis (15)

GCT

IM rod with screws(3), Plate (15)

2-11(4.1), 5-19 (8.6)(7.1)

Recurrence(5),

pulmonary metastasis(1),

NU(5),

graft fracture(3)

12/18

7.1(2- 24.2)

8 excellent, 8 good, 1 satisfactory

DF 40%(0-85), PF 30%(15-70), rest near normal

40%(2-70%)

12

Lackman et al [8]

12

Arthroplasty

GCT

Plate

NA

NU(2), Recurrence(1), graft fracture(3), Subluxation(1)

7/12

8(3-14)

6 excellent, 4 good, 2 fair

PF 21(5-45), DF 28(10-45), RD 8 (5-15), UD 16 (0-25), Pr 61(40-90), Su 27(15-65)

49%(24-88%)

4

Vander Griend et al [26]

8

Arthroplasty(2), Arthrodesis(6)

GCT

Plate

NA

subluxation(2), graft fracture(3), NU(2)

6/8

5.1(2-9)

NA

NA

5

Maruthainar et al [18]

13

Arthroplasty

GCT (10), Osteosarcoma (1), Chondrosarcoma (1), Ewing's sarcoma (1)

Plate+BG in majority

NA

subluxation(4), recurrent GCT (2)leading to amputation,

metastatic disease in Ewing's(1)

8/13

4.2 (2.2-7.5)

PF 16(5-30), DF 22(0-60), RD 11 (0-26), UD 14 (0-31), Pr 66(30-90), Su 52(0-90)

57%

3

Aithal et al [19]

30

Arthroplasty

GCT

Screws(3), Rush nail(1), Plate(26)

4-6.5(5.2)

Recurrence(10) leading to 4 amputations, NU(3), infection(1), subluxation(3)

14/30

8.5(1.5-25.5)

11 good, 7 fair, 2 poor(excluding recurrences)

> 65% in 7, 35-64% in 7, <34% in 3, fused wrist in 3

> 65% in 11, 35-64% in 7, <34% in 2

6

Asavamongkolkul et al [20]

7

Arthroplasty

GCT

Plate

5(4-7)

radiocarpal arthritis(2)

0/7

5.8(4.2-8)

6 excellent, 1 good

DF 45°, PF 38°, RD 20°, UD 28°, Su 80°, Pr 42° (73.7%)

69%

none

Bassiony et al [21]

10

Arthroplasty

GCT

Plate+BG

7(4-12)

NU(1),

graft resorbtion (1),

recurrence (1)

3/10

3.9(2.5-5)

NA

100.5(60-125)

NA

3

Saikia et al [27]

24

Arthroplasty

GCT

Plate+BG

6.7(6.5-7.25)

subluxation(10; 6 asymtomatic), recurrence(1), infection(1),

graft fracture(1), wrist arthrosis(2)

9/24

6.6(2-11)

6 excellent, 14 good, 4 fair

DF 50, PF 38, RD 12, UD 22, Su 52, Pr 46, (63%;52-78)

67%(58-74)

2

Chadha et al [16]

9

Arthroplasty

GCT

Plate

6

Recurrence(1), graft fracture(2), radial a. injury(1), subluxation(1), tourniquet plasy(1),

graft resorbtion (1)

5/9

4.7(3.2-5.75)

DF 40°, PF 30°, Su 45°, Pr 45°

50%

4