Combination of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, platelet to lymphocyte ratio with plasma D-dimer level to improve the diagnosis of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) following ankle fracture

Table 2 Relationship between NLR and preoperative DVT investigated by total adjusted multivariate logistic regression model

Variables	OR and 95% CI	P
NLR	2.16 (1.34–3.49)	0.002
Age	1.04 (1.02–1.05)	< 0.001
Gender (male vs female)	1.95 (1.08–3.53)	0.027
Obesity (BMI ≥ 28.0 kg/m²)	1.22 (0.61–2.41)	0.573
Smoking	0.78 (0.42–1.43)	0.414
Alcohol drinking	1.32 (0.74–2.35)	0.350
Time from fracture to DUS examination	1.16 (1.10–1.23)	< 0.001
Fracture type
Unimalleolar	Reference
Bimalleolar	0.82 (0.44–1.50)	0.508
Trimalleolar	0.80 (0.45–1.41)	0.432
Dislocation/subluxation	1.27 (0.72–2.22)	0.410
Mechanism (high- versus low-energy)	1.45 (0.88–2.37)	0.144
Hypertension	1.33 (0.70–2.53)	0.378
Diabetes mellitus	1.46 (0.80–2.69)	0.220
Cerebrovascular disease	0.81 (0.15–4.50)	0.811
Heart disease	1.32 (0.43–8.91)	0.090
Liver disease	2.16 (0.66–7.09)	0.205
D-dimer (> 0.80 mg/L)	2.90 (1.77–4.74)	< 0.001

NLR—neutrophil to lymphocyte rate, BMI—body mass index, OR—odd ratio, CI—confidence interval

ISSN: 1749-799X