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Table 3 GRADE evidence for systematic review and meta-analysis of PRP treatment for ankle OA

From: Platelet-rich plasma injection for the treatment of ankle osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Number of studies (participants)

Study limitations

Inconsistent results

Indirectness of evidence

Imprecision

Publication bias

Large magnitude effects

Plausible confounders

Dose–response relationship

Quality of evidence

VAS (0–10) at 12 weeks

4 (127)

1 RCT

3 before–after

Serious limitations (3 studies)

Unexplained heterogeneity

Indirect

No important imprecision

Likely

USMD − 2.80

(95% CI: − 3.91, − 1.68)

Likely

Unlikely

 + , very low

Function score (0–100) at 12 weeks

4 (127)

1 RCT

3 before–after

Serious limitations (3 studies)

No important inconsistency

Indirect

No important imprecision

Unlikely

Unlikely,

SMD 1.73

(95% CI: 1.37, 2.09)

Likely

Unlikely

 + , very low

Quality of life at 12 weeks

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

  1. GRADE The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation, PRP platelet-rich plasma, OA osteoarthritis, VAS visual analog scale, USMD unstandardised mean difference, CI confidence interval, SMD standardised mean difference