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Table 1 Methodological assessment according to ROBINS-I

From: Is proximal tibial tubercle osteotomy superior to distal tibial tubercle osteotomy for medial compartmental osteoarthritis? A meta-analysis

nRCT Study = 15

Bias due to Confounding

Bias in Selection of Participants

Bias in Measurement of Interventions

Bias due to Departures from Intended Interventions

Bias due to Missing Data

Bias in Measurement of Outcomes

Bias in Selection of the Reported Result

Overall Bias

Elmalı et al. [18]

Low

Low

Low

Low

Low

No information

Low

Moderate

Krause et al. [20]

Low

Low

No information

Low

Low

Low

Low

No information

Hoon et al. [19]

Low

Moderate

Low

No information

Moderate

Low

Low

Low

Hinterwimmer et al. [29]

No information

Low

Low

Low

Low

Low

Low

Low

Longino et al. (2013)

Low

Low

No information

Low

No information

Low

No information

Low

Gooi et al. [25]

No information

No information

Critical

Low

Low

Low

Low

Low

Horikawa et al. [13]

No information

Low

Low

Low

Low

Low

Low

Low

Gaasbeek et al. [12]

Low

Low

Low

Moderate

Low

No information

Low

Low

Ogawa et al. [24]

Critical

No information

Low

Low

Low

Moderate

Low

Low

Liu et al. [23]

Low

Critical

Moderate

Moderate

No information

Low

No information

No information

Chen [21]

Low

No information

Low

Low

Low

Critical

Low

Low

Jianchun et al. [28]

Low

Critical

Low

Low

Low

No information

Low

Low

Zhang et al. [26]

Moderate

Low

No information

Low

Low

Low

Low

Low

Zhang et al. [27]

Low

Moderate

Moderate

Low

Low

Low

Critical

Low

Du et al. [22]

No information

No information

Low

Low

Low

Low

Low

Critical