Fig. 2From: Comparison of 270-degree percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic decompression under local anesthesia and minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion in the treatment of geriatric lateral recess stenosis associated with degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesisEndoscopic views. A Endoscopic view of the hypertrophic posterior longitudinal ligament, extruded disc material, and perineural scar. B–G After the endoscopic instruments were used to carefully remove the vertebral body, ventral decompression of the traversing nerve root (L5) was completed. H The dura mater was tornBack to article page