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Fig. 1 | Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research

Fig. 1

From: A study on atypical Kashin–Beck disease: an endemic ankle arthritis

Fig. 1

Posterior and anterior X-ray images of both hands in KBD patients and normal controls. a Normal adult hand X-ray image: smooth joint surfaces of palm, finger, wrist, and the joint space is symmetrical and clear. b Hand X-ray images of patients with stage Ӏ: formation of ridge in the middle phalanx, hypertrophy of the tuberosity; pseudocyst of the metacarpal head; crowding and deformation of the carpal bone. c Hand X-ray images of patients with grade II: shortening of the metacarpal phalanx, widening of the base of the phalanx in a triangular shape, and hyperplasia of the edge; swelling of the metacarpal head, pseudocyst, and falciform shadow; crowding and deformation of the carpal bone. d Hand X-ray images of patients with grade III: metacarpophalangeal shortening, widening of the base of the phalanx, bell-shaped changes at the proximal end, hyperplasia of the edge, and articular surface coloboma; metacarpal head swelling, falciform shadow; carpal bone crowding and deformation

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