Fig. 2

Biportal full-endoscopic posterior cervical foraminotomy that occurred in a 64-year-old woman. The foraminotomy occurred 2 months previously in the 64-year-old woman who had radiating pain and motor weakness in the right upper extremity. T2-weighted A right oblique and B axial images of pre-operative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrating right C5-6 foraminal stenosis; C Intraoperative endoscopic image of the “V”-point; F After circumferential foraminotomy is performed from the “V”-point, fully decompressed thecal sac and C6 nerve root are found; D, E Post-operative MRI showing well-decompressed nerve root with minimally damaged paraspinal muscles. The patient’s symptoms also improved