Fig. 5
USP1 inhibition promoted osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 and PI3K/Akt pathway. A–C Protein levels and quantitative analysis for BMP2, RUNX2, OCN, p-AktS473, p-AktT308 and Akt in control group, ODM group, ODM + Vehicle group and ODM + ML323 group after osteogenic differentiation was induced for 7 days (n = 3/group). β-actin was used as a loading control. Akt was used as an internal control for p-AktT308 and p-AktS473. D Quantitative measurement of ALP activity in each group after osteogenic differentiation was induced for 7 days (n = 3/group). E Alizarin red staining (left) and quantification (right) were performed on day 14 of osteogenic differentiation (n = 3/group). ODM, osteogenic differentiation medium. Scale bar = 200 µm. # and ## indicate p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 in comparison with the control group, respectively; * and ** indicate p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 in comparison with the ODM + Vehicle group, respectively; ns indicates not significant